关系代词结稿.docVIP

一定语从句概述复习:定语从句的定义复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，又叫形容词性从句；被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词； 定语从句放在所修饰词（即先行词）之后由关系副词或关系代词引导。定语从句的引导词叫做关系词。引导定语从句的关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词: that, which, who，whom, whose, as；关系副词: where, when, why.定语从句引导词的用法及分类1、关系词的作用●连接作用：引导定语从句，把从句和主句连接起来；●替代作用：在从句中替代先行词表示的意思；●成分作用：在从句中充当一定的句子成分。2.关系代词who指人，作主语或宾语（作宾语常可省略）；whom指人，作宾语；whose指人，作定语； which指物，作主语，宾语，表语; that指人或物， 作主语、宾语、表语；as指人或物，作主语，表语，as的作用接近who和which;1).Tom is the only person who can keep a cool head in time of crisis.(who指代主句中的先行词person,在从句中作主语) 2).Tom is the only friend whom(或who) I can rely on. (指代friend，在从句中作宾 语, 所以常用代词who的宾格形式). 3).China is no longer the weak nation that she used to be. (关系代词that指代weak nation，在从句中作表语) 4).The school whose floor space is very limited can’t take in one more student. (关系代词whose指代the school’s ，从句中作floor space的定语) 二：关系代词引导的定语从句1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.　 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which / that在句中作宾语）The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在即学即练：（that, which, who，whom, whose）The man _________stands there is Tom. The girl ____________I met is Ms Li.The boy ________watch was lost is Tom. The book _________lies on the desk is his.The pen ___________you bought is good. The magazine ________cover is red is nice从句小结：从句 关系代词格用于限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句只用于限制性定语从句在从句中的句法功能指人指物既指人又指物主格词whowhichthat主语宾格词who(m)whichthat宾语/表（which不作表语）属格词whose/of whomwhose/of whichwhose/of which定语三．选择定语从句引导词的特殊情况that和which妙辨异同1.指物时，作主语，宾语通常可互换。2.在介词后，只能用which不能省略。3当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which：1）先行词为不定代词all、much、little、few、one、none、something、anything,everything等修饰时，常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。Eg.All that glitters is not gold.2）先行词被形容词最