高压水射流技术清洗刀具研究.docVIP

高压水射流技术清洗刀具研究 　　作者简介： 黄园园(1989-),女,材料科学专业,学士. 　　通讯作者: 付亚波,男,博士,主要从事铜及铜合金及表面清洗等研究. 　　摘要： 刀具是机械制造中用于切削加工的工具,表面热处理后易形成一层覆盖物影响其使用性能.主要研究了高压水射流技术清洗刀具,通过SEM、XRD测试得出刀具表面覆盖物为NaNO3、Na3H(CO3)2?2H2O、Fe2O3、Fe3O4,形貌呈棒状、颗粒状等.为了清除这些覆盖物,采用DBG-1850Fg3型清洗机进行试验,发现在高压水压强为60 MPa、喷头直径为1.4 mm、清洗时间为60 s的条件下,表面的覆盖物可被清除.高压水射流清洗技术具有高效、环保等特点,是刀具表面清洗的发展方向. 　　关键词： 高压水射流; 清洗; 刀具; 氧化物 　　中图分类号： TP 69文献标志码： A 　　Research on Cleaning Cutting Tools with High Pressure Water Jet 　　HUANG Yuan?yuan, FU Ya?bo, MENG Zhi?lai, SHI Yu?feng, 　　WEI Sang?sang, YANG Fei?jun, CHU Yan?yun 　　(School of Physics and Electical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China) 　　Abstract： Cutting tool is widely used for processing cutting in mechanical manufacturing, however,a layer of chemical covering formed on the surface after heat treatment will affect its properties.The cleaning effect by using high?pressure water jet technology to remove the chemical covering on the cutting tool’s surface is studied and presented in this paper.The chemical covering on the cutting tool’s surface was checked and analyzed by SEM and XRD instruments.Analysis show that the covering contains NaNO3,Na3H(CO3)2? 2H2O,Fe2O3 and Fe3O4,and the shapes are rod?like and/or grain?like.In order to remove the covering,some cleaning tests were carried out by using cleaning machine―DBG-1850Fg3.The result scanned by SEM shows that the chemical covering was removed when water pressure at 60 MPa,the sprayer head,1.4 mm in diameter and cleaning time 60 s.High pressure water jet cleaning technology has the advantages of high efficiency and environmental protection.It presents the development of the surface cleaning of cutting tools. 　　Key words： high pressure water jet; clearing; cutting tools; surface oxidation 　　0前言 　　刀具是机械制造中用于切削加工的工具.古人云:“工欲善其事,必先利其器”,刀具在机械制造业的切削加工中占有重要地位［1］.刀具从选材到包装,需要经过30多道工序才能完成.制造刀具的一般工艺流程［2］为:选材?加热? 锻打?化学热处理?锻打?淬火?打磨.在热处理过程中,刀具难免会产生许多质量缺陷,有时甚至会因为某种严重缺陷而报废.刀具热处理产生的缺陷有:硬度低、脱碳、变形、开裂、过热、过烧、腐蚀、萘状断口、表面皱纹和表面蒸镀等［3］.由于加热时的氧化性气氛(如空气、