头孢菌素处理延缓鲜切花衰老研究.docVIP

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头孢菌素处理延缓鲜切花衰老研究

头孢菌素处理延缓鲜切花衰老研究   摘要:采用不同种类、不同浓度的头孢菌素处理切花月季“卡罗拉”,研究头孢菌素处理对切花月季衰老的影响,目的是探索切花月季切口处的菌群对头孢菌素的敏感程度,寻找新的杀菌剂和保鲜剂。结果表明,切花月季切口处的菌群对头孢菌素类抗生素敏感, 低浓度的头孢菌素处理均不同程度地增加了切花的鲜重和花蕾直径,但高浓度的头孢菌素在杀菌的同时也干扰了切花细胞壁的合成,导致切花提前凋谢;5个处理都不同程度地抑制了花瓣的膜脂过氧化作用;0.010%头孢曲松钠、0.010%头孢呋辛钠和0.100%头孢呋辛钠分别延长瓶插寿命3、2、2 d。   关键词:头孢菌素;切花月季;膜质过氧化;瓶插寿命   中图分类号:S685.12 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2014)04-0881-03   Effects of Cephalosporins on Anti-Senescence for Fresh Cutting Flowers   LIU Shu-wei1,WANG Yan1,HUANG Mian-jia2,ZHAO Mu-qiu1,SHI Yun-feng1   (1.College of Biological Science and Technology, Qiongzhou University,Sanya 572022,Hainan,China;   2. College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228,China)   Abstract: In order to explore the sensitive degree of fungi at cut roses’ incision to the cephalosporins and to find for new fungicides and preservatives, different concentrations and kinds of cephalosporins were treated on cut roses Carola to study its effects on cut roses’ senescence. The results showed that the fungi at cut roses’ incision were sensitive to cephalosporins. The fresh weight and flower diameter of cut roses increased in varying degrees when treated with cephalosporins of low concentrations. The cut roses treated with high concentrations were withered earlier. The cephalosporins might interfere the synthesis of cell wall, even kill the fungi at cutting incision. The five treatments selected inhibited the petals’ lipid peroxidation in different degree. 0.010% ceftriaxone sodium, 0.010% cefuroxime sodium and 0.100% cefuroxime sodium extended vase life for 3 days, 2 days and 2 days, respectively.   Key words: cephalosporins; cut rose; lipid peroxidation; vase life   头孢菌素(Cephalosporins)又称先锋霉素,于20世纪中期被人类发现并开发利用[1,2]。1945年,意大利科学家分离出产头孢菌素的真菌[3]。1959年,分离出第一个头孢菌素[4]。1964年,第一个头孢菌素头孢噻吩上市[5],此后,相继合成诸多新型头孢菌素,目前市场上销售的品种已达60多种。产量占抗生素总量的60%以上。头孢菌素类是由冠头孢菌培养液中分离的头孢菌素C[6,7]经改造侧链而得到的一系列半合成抗生素[8,9],因其具有抗菌谱广、毒性低、疗效高等优点,在抗感染治疗中占有重要地位,并从第一代逐步发展到第五代,其抗菌范围和抗菌活性也不断扩大和增强[10,11]。头孢菌素类抗生素主要通过

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