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考点一　就近一致原则 1．由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。 Are neither you nor I fit for the work？你和我都不适合这份工作吗？ 注意：“with/along with/together with/including/but/except /like/as well as/no more than/besides/rather than＋名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍与前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。 Henry，rather than Jane and John，is responsible for the loss.损失的责任应由亨利而不是由简和约翰来承担。 2．由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pencil and two pens in the pencil-box.文具盒内有一支铅笔和两支钢笔。 [考题印证]　Either the ways or the time __________ yet，but you may ask the headmaster for some information. A．isnt decided B．hasnt decided C．arent decided D．havent decided [解析]　考查语态与主谓一致。本句的主语由either...or...连接，谓语动词应该与or后面的名词保持一致，使用单数；根据语境可知，应该使用被动语态。 [答案]　A 考点二　意义一致原则 1．谓语动词用单数的情况 (1)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家来自武汉。 (2)“no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and＋no/each/every /many a＋单数名词”作主语。 Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers. 每一个人都很有理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。 (3)非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。 Whatever was left was taken away.无论剩下了什么都被拿走了。 注意：what引导的主语从句，谓语动词一般用单数形式，若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。 What they need are books.他们需要的是书。 2．谓语动词用复数的情况 (1)由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。 Both bread and butter are sold out.面包和黄油都卖完了。 (2)people，police，cattle等有生命的集体名词作主语。 People read for pleasure during their spare time.人们闲暇之余的阅读是为了消遣。 [考题印证]　Yesterday the League secretary and monitor ________ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A．is B．was C．are D．were [解析]　“the League secretary and monitor”指的是同一人，因为第二个可数名词单数前没有限定词，因此谓语动词用单数。由时间状语Yesterday可知，此处应用一般过去时。故选B。 [答案]　B 考点三　谓语动词单、复数视情况而定 1．集体名词class，family，army，team，club，population，enemy，party，crowd，crew，audience，public，government，majority，group 等作主语，强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。 The population in China is very large and 80% of the population live in rural areas.中国人口很多，其中80%的人住在农村。 [考题印证]　The exercises are extremely difficult，but half of the class __________ them ahead of time. A．has already fi