英语语法和知识点专题练习.docVIP

英语语法及知识点专题练习（定语从句）V什么叫定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句有限定性从句和非限定性从句。在初中阶段多为限定性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词后面，关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间， 起连接作用，同时也可作定语从句的某个成分。 引起定语从句的关系代词有that, which , who , whom ,whose 和关系副词where when why等。定语从句中关系代词的用法关系代词例句that指物A plane is a machine that can fly .The noodles that I cooked were delicious 指人Who is the girl (that )is reading English over there?The old man (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s grandpa which指物The bikes which are made in Tianjin sell well .The book (which) he bought last week cost him twenty yuan .Who,whom指人The boy who came to our class yesterday is from America.The girl who/whom you talked to just now is Kate .whose指物或指人The boy whose father is a teacher is my classmate.The house whose windows face south is my aunt’s关系副词的用法关系副词例句when时间You can leave here any time when you want to.where地点This is the house where I once livedwhy原因He didn’t tell me the reason why he was late for school .how方式It’s the way how he improved his math.关系代词that与which的用法区别（先行词指物时）1.当先行词是不定代词all, much等时，或者被这些词修饰时，只能用that引用定语从句。例：I’ve read all the books that my mother bought for me .我已经读完了妈妈给我买的所有的书。2. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。例：This is the most exciting movie that I have ever seen .这就是我曾经看过的最有趣的电影。3.先行词被the only , the last, the same, the very修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句。例如：This is the only book that was written by him .这就是唯一一本他写的书。4.先行词既指人又指物时，只能用that引导定语从句。例如， They are talking about the school and the teachers that they visited yesterday .5. 当关系代词前介词时，只能用which引导定语从句。例如：This is the house of which the windows face south.这是那所窗户朝南的房子。6. 非限定性定语从句只能用which引导定语从句引导。例如：Football, which is a very interesting game, is played in many countries.很多国家都在踢足球， 他是很有趣的运动项目。7.先行词是that，those时，只能用which引导定语从句例如：What’s that which was put in the car ?五．关系代词who, whom, that 的用法区别（先行词指人）1. 在who开头的疑问句中，若出现定语从句修饰指人的先行词时，只能用that引导从句。例：Who is the boy that is wearing a red coat over there?2. 先行词是those, one 等指人的不定代词，定语从句用who引导。例：We should help those who are in trouble .3. 先行词是人且介词提前紧跟先行词之后时，只能用whom