溶胶-凝胶法合成锂离子电池正极材料li3v2po43及其掺杂改性研究-synthesis and doping modification of li 3 v2 po 43 cathode material for lithium ion batteries by sol-gel method.docxVIP
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溶胶-凝胶法合成锂离子电池正极材料li3v2po43及其掺杂改性研究-synthesis and doping modification of li 3 v2 po 43 cathode material for lithium ion batteries by sol-gel method
摘要本文采用溶胶-凝胶法制备的Li3V2(PO4)3和Li3V2(PO4)3-x/3Brx正极材料,利用充放电测试系统、电化学工作站,结合XRD、SEM等手段,对比研究了Li3V2(PO4)3和Li3V2(PO4)3-x/3Brx正极材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能。本论文的具体研究内容如下:以氢氧化锂、偏钒酸铵、磷酸二铵氢为原料,以柠檬酸为碳源,在不同条件下合成Li3V2(PO4)3正极材料。结果表明:烧结温度700℃下烧结8h制备出的Li3V2(PO4)3正极材料性能最佳,该材料在0.2、0.5、1、2、5、10C下的放电比容量分别为125.4、120.0、112.0、100.9、70.5和42.4mAh/g。采用Br-掺杂制备的Li3V2(PO4)3-x/3Brx(x=0,0.03,0.06,0.09,0.12)正极材料。通过XRD图谱分析发现,不同Br-掺杂量样品均未对Li3V2(PO4)3结构造成影响,但Br-掺杂会有效抑制Li3V2(PO4)3中LiVP2O7杂质的产生提高离子导电率。经充放电测试发现,随着Br-掺杂量的增加,材料在0.2C下放电比容量也随之提高。但随着Br-掺杂量的继续增加,材料容量明显下降,极化也明显增大。最终发现,Li3V2(PO4)2.97Br0.09材料比容量提高最大,该材料在0.2C下放电比容量高达128.8mAh/g。通过XRD、充放电、循环伏安和电化学阻抗测试对比Li3V2(PO4)3和Li3V2(PO4)3-x/3Brx正极材料的结构及电化学性能发现,Br-掺杂进入了磷酸钒锂的晶体内部,且Br-掺杂提高了材料的容量,增加了材料的循环稳定性,高倍率性能也有较大幅度提高,掺杂后的材料极化相对较小,可逆性增加。通过XRD、SEM、充放电测试对在制备前驱体过程中是否加入氨水的Li3V2(PO4)3样品做了相应的形貌和电化学性能对比研究。可以发现,加入氨水后Li3V2(PO4)3样品的结构并没有发生改变;加入氨水后Li3V2(PO4)3样品颗粒有所减小,分布均匀且团聚现象减弱;加入氨水后的Li3V2(PO4)3样品在0.2C下放电容量在原基础上增加了3.4%,相应的循环性能也有所增加。关键词:Li3V2(PO4)3,溶胶-凝胶法,Br-掺杂,氨水,电化学性能。IVAbstractLi3V2(PO4)3andLi3V2(PO4)3-x/3Brxcompositeweresynthesizedbysol-gelreductionmethodinthispaper.ThestructuresandmorphologiesofthesesampleswereanalyzedbyXRDandSEM.Theelectrochemicalperformanceswereresearchedbycharge/dischargetestsystemandelectrochemicalworkstation.Theeffectsofsinteringtemperature,sinteringtimeandBr-dopingonthephysicalandelectrochemicalwereinvestigated.Theresearchcontentsandresultsofthisworkweresummarizedasfollows:Li3V2(PO4)3compositesweresynthesizedwithLiOH·H2O,NH4VO3,NH4H2PO4asrawmaterialandcitricacidascarbonsource.Theresultsshowedthattheoptimalsynthesisconditionsweresinteringtemperatureof700℃andsinteringtimeof8h.TheLi3V2(PO4)3sampledeliveredinitialdischargespecificcapacityof125.4,120.0,112.0,100.9,70.5and42.4mAh/gat0.2,0.5,1,2,5,10C,respectively.XRDpatternsoftheLi3V2(PO4)3-x/3Br(xx=0,0.03,0.06,0.09,0.12)demonstratedthatthemonoclinicstructureofLi3V2(PO4)3wasmaintainedandtheimpuritysubstanceofLiVP2O7wasrestrainedeffectively,whichmayberesultedinasubstantiallyincreaseintheionicconductivity.Thecharge/dis
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