呼吸科呼吸系统1ppt课件.pptVIP

Unit 5: Respiration;Dyspnea Apnea;When you can’t breathe, nothing else matters Slogan of the American Lung Association;Main Topics;*;网上学习材料;Conducting Zone and Respiratory Zone;Type 1 alveolar cells These cells are derived from type II alveolar cells and provide a thin layer of cytoplasm which covers about 80% of the gas exchange zone. Type II alveolar cells These cells allow the formation of surfactant and other enzymes. Type III alveolar cells These cells are the main lung defence system – they are the alveolar macrophages.;Main Functional Events of Respiration;Terminology;Terminology-Continued;Summary;5.1. Pulmonary Ventilation;Two Phases of the Breathing Cycle;*;Abdominal Breathing vs. Thoracic Breathing（腹式呼吸vs.胸式呼吸）;Lung Ventilation（肺通气）;5.1.1. The Ventilatory Pump;The Pleural Cavity （胸膜腔）;Respiratory Muscles（呼吸肌）;The Diaphragm（膈肌）;Pressures in Different Compartments ;The Negative (subatmospheric) Pleural Pressure;Wind blows;From Pressure Differences to Airflow ;;Boyle’s Law;Inspiratory Muscles Contract;Sequential Events Occur during Expiration;The Significance of a Negative Pleural Pressure;Pneumothorax (气胸) ;Consequences of Pneumothorax;Cases of Pneumothorax;Summary on Driving Forces for Ventilation;Inspiratory Muscles Contract;Sequential Events Occur during Expiration;Sequential Events Occur during Expiration;5.1.2. Mechanical Properties of the Lungs and Chest Wall;Stiffness, Distensibility and Elastic Recoil;Lung Compliance (CL);Measurement of CL in Humans ;Factors that Affect CL;Pathological Conditions That Are Associated with Reduced CL;Obstructive and Restrictive Disorders Affect CL differently;Elastic Recoil of Chest Wall;Changes in Chest Wall Compliance Are Less Common;What is Surface Tension? ;How Does Surface Tension Affect Lung Compliance？;Works are Needed to Expand the Lungs;Surface Tension Affects Alveolar Stability;Pulmonary Surfactant: Source Chemistry;Physiological Functions of Surfactant;*;Summary on Lung Compliance;Summary on Surface Tens