山梨醇类成核剂制备及其对聚丙烯性能影响-preparation of sorbitol nucleating agent and its effect on properties of polypropylene.docx

中北大学学位论文 中北大学学位论文 表明，三种成核剂都能不同程度的改善 PP 的力学性能，冲击强度提高 9.86～33.10%， 断裂伸长率提高 13.33～71.11%，拉伸强度增加 51.21～69.59%，弯曲模量提高 42.46～ 64.45%，弯曲强度增加 56.99～85.34%。 通过本实验研究发现制备的三种成核剂 DBS、DHDBS 和 DNDBS 的最佳用量都为 PP 的 0.3wt%，其中成核剂 1，3-2，4-二（对羟基）苄叉山梨醇（DHDBS）分子结构中 含有多个羟基，可以形成多个氢键，有助于增加分子间的氢键作用，它对 PP 的性能改 善效果最优。 关键词 聚丙烯，成核剂，结晶性能，力学性能 Preparation of Sorbitol Nucleating Agents and Effect on Properties of Polypropylene Abstract Due to low-temperature brittlethe, notch sensitivity and toughness of polypropylene (PP) limits its applications. To solve this problem, the fundamental way is which adding nucleating agent into PP matrix improves the crystallization properties of PP, thus improves thermal properties and mechanical properties of PP. In this study, 1,3-2,4-dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS), 1,3-2,4-di (p-hydroxyl) benzylidene sorbitol (DHDBS) or 1,3-2,4-di (p-nitro) benzylidene sorbitol (DNDBS), acted as nucleating agent, were synthesized by acetal reaction from benzaldehyde, p-hydroxyl benzaldehyde, p-nitro benzaldehyde and D-sorbitol, with p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst, cyclohexane as solvent and methanol as accelerating agent. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy showed that nucleating agents were synthesized. Melting point tests showed that melting point of three kinds of PP nucleating agent was higher than that of PP. The factors, which effect acetal reaction to improve the yield of the nucleating agent, were discussed in this paper. The results showed that preparation of three kinds of polypropylene nucleating agent had same optimum reaction conditions, that the optimum mole ratio of aldehyde to alcohol is 2.1:1, the reaction time is 6h, amount of TSA is 4wt%， amount of cyclohexane is 600wt%, amount of methanol is 20wt%, and the suitable temperature is 65℃. Blends of PP and nucleating agent at mass percents (0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt% and 0.5 wt%) were prepared using solution precipitation method, respectively. The size of the spherulite, which was s