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生物质对生活污水处理及资源化分析-treatment and resource analysis of domestic sewage by biomass
摘要城市生活污水是一种潜在的水资源,含有的丰富的碳氢能源,本文利用生物质材料丰富孔网结构的特性,低成本的净化处理城市生活污水,浓缩碳氢能源,并利用回收吸附工艺的生物质作为沼气生产原料产生沼气能源,达到了真正的污水资源化利用,符合循环经济的要求。本课题选用的生物质材料为沙树的刨化和锯末,由锯末吸附特性研究、水处理工艺、厌氧发酵产沼系统三部分组成。对锯末的吸附特性研究得出,粒径越小,吸附剂的表面积越大,有利于吸附;低温有利于反应向吸附的方向进行;pH低时,水中有机物和锯末发生交换吸附,吸附点更加活跃;适当的剂量和振荡也会提高吸附效率。在水处理工艺中,生活污水首先经过预处理池和调节池进行预处理,然后流入多级吸附塔,污水经处理后进入后续处理。整个系统的污水去除率达到60%~70%。厌氧发酵产沼系统采用单相厌氧发酵系统,先进行回收生物质的发酵可行性研究,然后研究如何选择生物质厌氧发酵的条件提高产气量。通过对接种物量、物料粒径、总固体含量(TS)、C/N比等不同影响因素进行对比实验,研究它们对于生物质厌氧发酵产沼效率和反应周期影响,以及随着这些影响因素反应过程中pH值的变化,了解到这些影响因素对于生物质厌氧发酵产沼的正面和负面影响。最后,采用正交实验设计,快捷地获得了厌氧发酵产沼气最佳条件。得出反应温度为55±1℃,采用间歇式搅拌,反应料液的pH值调整在6.5~7.5范围内,生物质厌氧发酵产沼的最佳条件是:生物质粒径0.8mm,总固体含量10%,C/N比值20,接种物量20%。关键词:吸附机理生物质吸附塔碳氢能源厌氧发酵AbstractThecitydomesticsewageisonekindoflatentwaterresources,includingtherichcarbonhydrogenenergy.thisarticleusesthebiomassrichstructureofthenetwork,low-costpurificationofmunicipalsewage,concentrationofhydrocarbonenergy,andhasthemethaneenergyusingtherecyclingadsorptioncraftbiomassasthemethaneproductionrawmaterial,hadachievedthegenuinesewageresourcesuse,conformstothecirculationeconomyrequirement.Thistopicselectsbiomassplaningandthesawdustforthesandtree.thesawdustadsorptioncharacteristics,watertreatmenttechnology,anaerobicbiogasfermentationsystemiscomposedofthreeparts.Obtainstothesawdustadsorptioncharacteristicresearch,particlesizesmaller,theabsorbentsurfaceareaisbigger,isadvantageoustotheadsorption;Thelowtemperatureisadvantageoustotheresponsecarriesontotheadsorptiondirection;WhenpHlow,inthewatertheorganicmatterandthesawdusthastheexchangeadsorption,adsorptionpointsmoreactive;Thesuitabledosageandthevibrationalsocanenhancetheadsorptionefficiency.Inthewatertechnology,thedomesticsewagefirstcarriesonpretreatmentpool,theadjustivepool,thenthenflowsintomulti-stageadsorptiontower,thetreatedsewageintothefollow-upaftertreatment.Overallsystemsewageremovingrateachieves60%-70%.Anaerobicbiogasfermentationsystemusessingle-phaseanaerobicdigestionsystem.wefirstmakearecoveryofthefermentationofbiomassfeasibilitystudyandthenexaminehowto
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