汉语韵律构词法与信息技术术语论文.docVIP

汉语韵律构词法与信息技术术语 　　摘 要：以IT术语为语料，考察韵律与句法、形态、语意之间的互动，勾勒IT术语的一般韵律模式，并补充汉语韵律构词法。分析认为，要一分为二地看待单音节，即孤立的单音节不构成标准音步或韵律词，而语流或话语中的单音节需要拉长或加空拍，以构成标准音步。双音节仍是基本音步，这是IT术语与普通文体词汇最显著的共性。三音节的IT术语需要考虑部分音译词、缩略词等特殊情况。对四音节和五音节IT术语句法和韵律的描写和分析表明，不管IT术语的句法结构如何，它的韵律结构合并方向应该与句法结构合并方向保持一致，旨在通过韵律反映句法-语义上的差异。对六至九音节IT术语韵律的描写和分析则反映出更多的韵律规律。最后，还对规范IT术语汉译提出了韵律学建议，即忠实为重，韵律为轻，简洁性次之。 　　关键词：IT术语，标准音步，合并，形式美，变异，简洁性 　　中图分类号：N04；H01；H083；TP3 文献标识码：A DOI： DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2017.06.003 　　Abstract： Based on IT terms， weexplore interactions between prosody and syntax， morphology and meaning， and outline general prosodic modes of IT terms with an aim to supplementing Chinese prosodic grammar. We propose， with respect to IT terms， that （1） Monosyllables must be dealt with in two separate levels， that is， isolated monosyllables do not constitute standard foot or prosodic word whereas monosyllables in discourse must be extended or added with space to constitute standard foot； （2） Disyllables remain basic foot， that is the most prominent universal feature that IT terms share with words for general purpose； （3） Special cases in prosody of， for example partial transliterations and abbreviations， must be taken into consideration with respect to trisyllables； （4） With respect to fourand fivesyllable IT terms， descriptions and analyses of their syntaxprosody interaction show that no matter what their syntactic structures are， their prosodic structures must be in line with their syntactic structures in order to reflect syntacticsemantic differences by means of prosody； （5） More prosodic rules are shown following the analyses of IT terms composed of six to nine syllables. We also give a hierarchy of priority on translation of English IT terms from the perspective of prosodic grammar， that is， from faithfulness the highest， wellformed prosody the intermediate to simplicity the lowest. 　　Keywords： IT terms， standard foot， merge， beauty in form， differentiation， simplicity 　　引 言 　　信息技术（IT）产业长期由西方发达国家主导。改革开放