基于在线英语词典和其他网络资源词汇知识采集.docVIP

基于在线英语词典和其他网络资源的词汇知识采集 　　摘 要：以发现flammable与其近义词的区别特征为例，探讨如何利用互联网采集和提炼英语词汇知识。首先，从形容词flammable和inflammable的构词特点及词源入手，探究两者的词义关系。接下来，结合语料库词频数据对比，检视两者使用频率的历时演变及现状。然后，通过词典释义对比、搭配用法和共现倾向分析，揭示在表达“易燃”时，形容词flammable与combustible的细微词义区别。此外，还根据语料库实例和词频找出flammable和combustible用作名词时的形态特点。结果表明：经计算机辅助分析和提炼，能够从在线英语词典、英语语料库及专业机构网站的相关网页等网络资源中采集到flammable与其近义词的区别特征等词汇知识。采集到的词汇知识对翻译、词典编纂和词汇教学具有参考价值。 　　关键词：词汇知识，易燃，翻译，在线词典，语料库，选词 　　中图分类号：H315.9 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2017.05.010 　　Gathering Lexical Knowledge from Online English Dictionaries and Other Internet Resources： Case Study of Discovering Features That Distinguish FLAMMABLE from Its Synonyms//MA Lidong 　　Abstract： This paper explores how to gather information from the Internet and transform it into lexical knowledge. The focus is on the case study of discovering the features that distinguish FLAMMABLE from its nearsynonyms. First， the origin and morphological structure of the adjectives flammable and inflammable are analyzed to identify how they are related semantically. Next， the diachronic changes in the frequency counts and the present status of the two words are examined. Then， the subtle difference between flammable and combustible is revealed by comparing the definitions of the two words， their collocations and cooccurrence tendency. In addition，according to corpus examples and word frequency， we also found out the morphological features of flammable and combustible used as nouns. Our study demonstrates that lexical knowledge can be extracted， by means of computerassisted analysis and information transformation， from informative resources on the Internet such as online English dictionaries， English corpora and specialized websites. The lexical knowledge obtained can be used for reference in translation， dictionary compilation and vocabulary teaching. 　　Keywords： lexical knowledge， flammable， translation， online dictionary， corpus， diction 　　易燃易爆物品容易引发火灾和爆炸事故。为了保证人身和财产安全，机场、车站和码头执行严格的安全检查，严禁旅客携带此类物品登机、乘车或上船。