（糖皮质激素）自身免疫性溶血性贫血再生障碍性贫血ppt课件.pptVIP

Anemia- General aspects;Anemia;What is anemia?;;Conditions associated with a significant disproportion between the hematocrit and RBC?;;;Regulation of erythropoiesis;Anemia: Etiologies;RBC loss without RBC Destruction;RBC Destruction;;贫血的病理生理(pathophysiology of anemia) ;贫血的病理生理;贫血的病理生理;贫血的病理生理;Clinical manifestation;The manifestations depend on;Cardiorespiratory system ;Cardiorespiratory system;The skin;Tell anemia from the color of the skin…;Neuromuscular system;Gastrointestinal system;Others;Evaluation and diagnosis;Medical history;Others;Physical examination;Morphologic feature;Classification;Anemia?;;The reticulocyte count;;Another step of diagnosis;Macrocytic anemias;Normal, RBCs. They have a zone of central pallor about 1/3 the size of the RBC.). A few small fuzzy blue platelets are seen. In the center of the field are a band neutrophil on the left and a segmented neutrophil on the right. ;Note the hypersegmented neurotrophil and also that the RBC are almost as large as the lymphocyte. Finally, note that there are fewer RBCs.;Vitamin B12 deficiency;Folate deficiency;Diagnosis;Neurological presentation of B12 deficiency;Treatment;Food;Microcytic anemias;The RBCs here are smaller than normal and have an increased zone of central pallor. This is indicative of a hypochromic (less hemoglobin in each RBC) microcytic (smaller size of each RBC) anemia. There is also increased anisocytosis (variation in size) and poikilocytosis (variation in shape).;;Iron Deficiency Anemia vs.  anemia of chronic disorders;Thalassemias;Thalassemias;Sideroblastic Anemias;;Normocytic anemias;Therapy;Therapy;Therapy;Therapy;Therapy;Therapy