天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川零平衡线高度变化分析-analysis of zero equilibrium line height variation of glacier no.1 at the headwaters of urumqi river in tianshan mountains.docx

I II 乌鲁木齐河源 1 号冰川处于大陆性气候条件，所以它们对降水、气温反映的差别， 可能代表海洋性冰川和大陆性冰川两种不同性质的冰川对气候反应的差异。 关键词:乌鲁木齐河源 1 号冰川；零平衡线高度；物质平衡；气候变化 PAGE PAGE IV Abstract Glacier is the indicator of climate change. As global warming in the 20th century, mountain glaciers become very sensitive to climate change. Glaciers all over the world showed an accelerated melting trend glacier equilibrium line altitude(ELA) increased since the end of the Little Ice Age, The ELA is a theoretical line on a glacier at which annual mass accumulation equals annual mass loss. The glacier ELA is one of the important parameters reflecting climate change. Glacier behaviors such as advancing or retreating are controlled by the variations in ELA. Relative to its steady state, a glacier advances when its ELA falls, retreats when its ELA rises, or melts entirely when its ELA rises above its summit. In contrast to variations in glacier length or area, variations in ELA respond almost simultaneously to climate change. Therefore, studies on ELA variations and their sensitivity to climate change are important for understanding correlations between glacier behavior and climate change. This study is based on the observation data of the Glacier No. 1 at the headwaters of Urumqi River in the Tianshan Mountains during the period 1959-2010, the variation characteristics of the Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA) are analyzed. Furthermore, statistical relationship between ELA and air temperature and precipitation is established. The study analyzed the climatic sensitivity of the ELA about Glacier No.1 at the Headwaters of the Urumqi River nearly 52 years. The results indicated that: In the period 1959-2010, the glacier ELA showed a general increasing trend, with the interannual trend rate of 8.4 m/10a, in other words, the glacier ELA showed an increased tendency with the value of about 45 m for the entire period. The ELA rised slowly in 1960s, then declined in 1980s, sharply increased in the middle 1990s, reaching the highest altit