微藻碳基固体酸催化剂制备及其催化合成生物柴油性能-preparation of microalgae carbon-based solid acid catalyst and its catalytic performance for biodiesel synthesis.docxVIP

暨南大学硕士毕业论文 暨南大学硕士毕业论文 PAGE PAGE VI ABSTRACT As biomass resource possesses extensive sources and renewable characteristics, development and utilization of biomass resources to address energy and environmental issues have become an important issue in todays world. Biodiesel has the advantage of recycling and similar physical and chemical properties with petroleum diesel, and friendly to the environment, which is considerated to be the best choice to substitute for petroleum diesel. In order to overcome the homogeneous acid-base catalysis’ drawbacks, such as high requirement of biodiesel feedstock, difficulty in separation from the product, resulting in environmental pollution , and to achieve green biodiesel production, this thesis successfully developed two types of carbon based solid acid catalysts. One was prepared by in situ carbonization and sulfonation of microalgae with sulfuric acid in single-step reaction, the other one was prepared from microalgae by chemical activation with phosphoric acid, pyrolysis and sulfuric acid. The elemental composition and structure of the above prepared catalysts were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) method analyses (BET), Elemental Analysis (EA) and Acid-base titration. They were further applied for biodiesel production from fat raw materials. In this study，the performance of carbon based solid acid by single-step showed that the concentration of sulfuric acid, the carbonization temperature and carbonization time were significant influence on the catalytic activity of prepared catalysts, wherein the sulfuric acid concentration affected most. The carbon based solid acid with the highest catalytic activity could be obtained under the following optimal reaction conditions: optimal carbonization temperature and time was 180 ℃ and 2 h. The prpared catalyst has