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专业： 班级： 姓名： 指导老师： HPAC Engineering，Dec 1, 2010 Office-Tower Hydronic Update The heating or cooling-plant replacement at a Chicago office building features electric chillers and gas boilers, Located in the Chicago Loop, the Michael A. Bilandic Building is a 21-story office tower serving State of Illinois agencies, including the Illinois Supreme Court. In 1989, the existing building structure was gutted and renovated. At that time, a new top floor was added to house major mechanical equipment, including three gas-fired, two-stage absorption chiller-heaters. Each unit had an output of 600 tons of cooling and 7,200 mbh of heating. Dedicated dual-cell cooling towers with 20-hp high or low-speed fans were installed on the roof. Since then, the chiller-heaters have been replaced with equivalent-capacity modular electric chillers and sets of duplex hydronic gas boilers. The update resulted in enhanced equipment reliability, easier maintenance, and, during the first year of operation, a 15-percent savings in measured thermal-energy use. Out With the OldThe existing hydronic system clearly needed an update. With pumps mounted on the 21st floor in the vicinity of the chiller-heaters, four-pipe primary heating and cooling mains served multiple variable-air-volume (VAV) air-handling units and perimeter radiant ceiling coils throughout the building. Hydronic return mains fed into four 30-hp primary heating pumps and four 40-hp chilled-water pumps. Three of each type pumped into the respective chiller-heaters, while the fourth heating and chilled-water pumps provided manual standby duty. Likewise, four 100-hp condenser-water pumps (which since have been replaced with 40-hp pumps) took in water from the cooling-tower supply header, pumped cool water into an absorption chiller, and returned hot condenser water to a dedicated cooling tower. Because of year-round use, one chiller-heater broke down after only about 16 years of useful life and became unservicea