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- 2018-11-28 发布于湖北
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下肺叶结核28例误诊分析
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2014.1.60
摘 要 目的: 分析下肺叶结核的临床、X线表现及误诊原因,提高对本病的正确认识,减少误诊误治。方法:通过对经证实的下肺结核的X线胸片、CT及相关临床症状和体征进行分析,探讨其影像及临床表现特点。结果:本组下肺叶结核28例曾有13例误诊,其误诊率高达46.4%。结论:下叶肺结核的主要误诊原因:下叶肺结核缺乏特征X线的表现;对本病的临床特点不熟悉,过分依赖影像学报告或过分相信权威,单凭X线或一些临床表现而造成诊断错误。掌握下肺叶结核的X线表现和临床特点,提高对本病的重识,详实的病史采集,短时间内反复多次快速痰培养以及随访复查是减少或避免误诊的关键。
关键词 肺结核 X线表现 误诊分析
Abstract Objective:Analysis of clinical and X-ray manifestations and the misdiagnosis causes of lower lobe tuberculosis,improve the correct understanding of the disease,reduce the misdiagnosis and mistreatment.Methods:Through the analysis of X-ray,CT and clinical symptoms and signs of proven lower lobe tuberculosis,to explore its imaging and clinical features characteristic.Results:This group of lower lobe tuberculosis in 28 cases had 13 cases were misdiagnosed,the misdiagnosis rate was as high as 46.4%.Conclusion:The main causes of misdiagnosis of lower lobe tuberculosis are short of characteristic X-ray manifestations of lower lobe tuberculosis,unfamiliar with the clinical characteristics of this disease,over dependent on imaging reports or too believe in authority and misdiagnosis by X-ray or some clinical manifestations.To grasp the X-ray manifestation and clinical featuresunder of lower lobe tuberculosis,improve the disease recognition,detailed medical history,a short period of time repeatedly check,fast sputum culture and follow-up review are the key to reduce or avoid the misdiagnosis.
Key words Tuberculosis;X-ray manifestations;Analysis of misdiagnosis
结核病是由结核杆菌感染引起的慢性传染病,可累及全身多器官系统,最常见的患病部位是肺脏,占各器官结核病总数的80%~90%。结核病也是当今最严重的传染病之一,也是我们社区医疗工作中遇到的最主要病种类之一。我国目前有5亿人口受到结核感染,现有结核病人450万,每年死亡25万。5年来收治下肺叶结核28例,其中共13例病例有过误诊误治,其误诊率46.4%。本文分析下肺叶结核的临床表现、X线表现及误诊原因,以提高对本病的正确认识,减少误诊误治,现报告如下。
资料与方法
一般资料:在本组28例下肺叶结核的患者中,其中男18例,女10例,年龄18~75岁,病程3天~2年。临床表现:其中10例咳痰、咳嗽、咯血,5例畏寒、高热,4例乏力、头晕,7例盗汗、消瘦,另有2例并未发现临床症状。在本组患者的实验室检查中,2例纤维镜活检检查发现支气管内膜结核,7例痰涂片抗酸杆菌示阳性,经快速痰培养或抗结核系统治疗有效后,其余19例病例得到确诊。
检查方法:本组28例患者,均行胸部正侧位X线或CR片,为了进一步明
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