中考英语语法词性详解动词时态讲稿培训讲解.pptVIP

英语语法 词性详解 二、按动词的形式可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词 形 式 意 义 举 例 人称 数 时态 语态 语气 1、谓语动词(如下) 与主语在人称一致 与主语在人称一致 表示动作发生的时间 主语是动作的发生者或者承受者 说话人表达事实、要求、愿望等 I am reading now. 第一人称 He writes well. 第三人称单数 He wrote a letter to me last month. 过去时态 We study English.主动 The road was filled with rubbish. 被动 He has flown to America. 事实 I wish I could fly to the moon some day. 愿望 2、非谓语动词 形式 意义 用途 举例 不定式 动名词 分词 现在分词 China is a developing country. 过去分词 The cup is broken. 起形容词和名词作用 可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语 It takes me 20 minutes to go to school. 起名词作用 作主语和宾语 起名词作用. 起形容词、副词作用，表主动 作表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语 起形容词、副词作用，表被动 ——动词不定式与动名词A、动词不定式作宾补1)tell / ask / want sb to do ______________否定式：tell/ask/want sb not to do ______________________________2)省to不定式作宾补即：(l, m, n, 3h, 2看, 1f) sb do l—let; m—make; n—notice; 3h—hear, have, help; 2看—see, watch; 1f—feel 但注意：1)help sb (to) do (to可省、可不省)2)在改作被动语态时省去的to应还原eg. Someone heard him sing in the room.He was heard to sing in the room. B、动词不定式与动名词的区别1.(hope; learn; want=would like; decide) to do2.(enjoy; finish; keep; mind; practise;cosider) doing ? be busy?in/spend in/feel like /stop,keep,prevent.....from/make a contribution to/prefer doing to /have fun / have some problems/be worhth /pay attention to/look forword to+doing stop+to do 停下来去做某事?(另外一件事)? stop +doing 停下来手头正在做的事 forget + to do?????忘记去做某事(未做） forget +doing (忘记做过某事) 已经做了 remember +to do???记住做某事??(还没有做） remember +doing? 记得做过(已经做完了) try+to do 努力做某事 Try+doing 尝试做某事 2)be good at doing 1.一般现在时 （1）表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态 eg.We?often?write?to?each?other. 我们时常相互通信。 常与always，usually，often，sometimes，every?day，once?a?week，yearly每年，monthly每月， 等时间状语或频率副词连用。 （2）表示主语现在的性格、特征、能力 eg.He works hard.他努力工作 （3）表示客观事实或普遍用法 eg.The sun rises in the east. Light goes faster than sound （4）用于状语从句代替一般将来时 eg.You will succeed if you try . I will tell him about it as soon as I see him next Monday. 常与连词：when , as soon as , before , after , until , if 如果，等引导的时间状语或条件状语从句 2.一般过去时 (1).表示过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状