冬虫夏草人工培殖过程中寄主昆虫粉拟青霉病原菌分子生物学研究.docVIP

冬虫夏草人工培殖过程中寄主昆虫粉拟青霉病原菌分子生物学研究 　　[摘要]虫草棒束孢Isaria farinosa是冬虫夏草人工培殖过程中寄主昆虫粉拟青霉病的病原菌。该文通过统计分析国内外相关文献和NCBI网站上登录的相关序列和基因信息，分析虫草棒束孢的分子生物学研究进展。结果发现不同国家发表的文献不同，登录的相关序列或基因的种类和数量存在差异。我国发表的文献和登录的序列或基因总量都最多，美国登录的功能基因总量最多。相关文献主要涉及粉拟青霉病在生物防治方面的应用。而与分子生物学相关的研究主要集中在该菌的系统分类学上；近年来开始了与虫草棒束孢作为生防菌相关的蛋白酶基因和几丁质酶基因等的研究。随着冬虫夏草在健康领域影响力的增强，以及虫草棒束孢全基因组序列的测序完成和药理活性的不断揭示，对虫草棒束孢分子水平的研究也必将越来越广泛和深入。 　　[关键词]虫草棒束孢；冬虫夏草菌寄主昆虫；冬虫夏草菌；分子生物学 　　[Abstract]Isaria farinosa is the pathogen of the host of Ophiocordyceps sinensis. The present research has analyzed the progress on the molecular biology according to the bibliometrics， the sequences （including the gene sequences） of I. farinosa in the NCBI. The results indicated that different country had published different number of the papers， and had landed different kinds and different number of the sequences （including the gene sequences）. China had published the most number of the papers， and had landed the most number of the sequences （including the gene sequences）. America had landed the most numbers of the function genes. The main content about the pathogen study was focus on the biological controlling. The main content about the molecular study concentrated on the phylogenies classification. In recent years some protease genes and chitinase genes had been researched. With the increase of the effect on the healthy of O. sinensis， and the whole sequence and more and more pharmacological activities of I. farinosa being made known to the public， the study on the molecular biology of the I. farinosa would be deeper and wider. 　　[Key words]Isaria farinosa； host of Ophiocordyceps sinensis； Ophiocordyceps sinensis； molecular biology 　　doi：10.4268/cjcm 　　在发现虫草棒束孢Isaria farinosa是冬虫夏草菌寄主昆虫粉拟青霉病的病原菌之前，虫草棒束孢就已经是一种有效的生防真菌，在农业和林业害虫的防治方面运用较多，因此一直以来关于其作为生防菌的特性研究就连续不断。如优质菌种资源的采集[1-2]；孢子及其菌丝生长发育的温度、湿度等条件的研究[3-5]；寄主范围、毒力及致病机制的研究等[6-7]。然而随着长期的使用，人们发现病原微生物或有害昆虫也对虫草棒束孢产生了抗性，并且在使用过程中虫草棒束孢菌株的致病性在减弱[8]。然而与此相反的是，在名贵中药冬虫夏草的人工培殖过程中发现的虫草棒束孢却成了寄主昆虫的高致死病原菌，并且在多年的实践过程中发现其