中华医学会MRI技师培训磁共振成像系统基本结构.ppt

第四节 计算机及数据处理系统 主机 主机系统是MR系统的指令和控制中心，它执行病人资料输入、扫描参数定义、执行扫描序列、控制数据采集、重建处理、显示和存贮以及相机打印各功能，要求计算机速度快、内存大、硬盘大并具有并行处理能力，可以边扫描边调整下一个病人扫描参数，同时进行后台相机打印操作。 计算机即辅助系统 阵列处理机 目前MR系统中一般均配备阵列处理机来进行2DFFT和3DFFT的大量运算工作，可以单独执行，无需占用主机时间，因是采用硬件处理FFT变换，成像速度快，在1.5TMR设备上重建速度普遍达到100帧/秒以上的重建速度。 1 Screen 3 Step Operation ① ② ③ 软件操作界面 主计算机系统信能指标 北 南 1. 磁 体 2. 梯 度 系 统 3. 射 频 系 统 4. 数 据 处 理 系 统 5. 外 围 设 备 稳 压 器 水 冷 机 照 相 机/ 洗 片 机 数 据 管 理 系 统 梯 度 放 大 器 RF 射 频 主 计 算 机 采 集 存 储 器 射频 接收 磁 体 梯 度 系 统 操 作 台 照 相 机 联 网 存 储 装 置 脉 冲 控 制 器 RF 系 统 磁 体 梯 度 系 统 梯度放大器 * * There are three different major categories of magnets used in MRI scanners today. The first type is very similar to the magnets most of you probably have on your refrigerator. This type of magnet is called a permanent magnet because it maintains it’s magnetism all the time. The permanent magnet is made up of a special material, in which the molecular structure is aligned in such a way that it causes it to attract metal. The second kind of magnet is like the one many of you may have made in science class. You take a nail or bolt, wrap copper wire around it like a slinky toy, and attach the two ends of the copper wire to a battery. The resulting contraption is magnetic. This type of magnet is called resistive and requires electricity to function. If you pull the plug, it doesn’t work anymore. Finally, the last type of magnet is called superconductive because it is made out a special material called a superconductor. Superconductors work only at extremely cold temperatures, and so superconducting magnets must be supercooled with cryogens like liquid helium. The temperature of liquid helium is about 4 degrees Kelvin, which is roughly -450 degrees Farenheit. Keeping these types of magnets cooled to this temperature requires very expensive equipment and a lot of liquid helium, which is also very expensive. However, superconducting magnets generate the highest magnetic field strengths. Therefore, most of the M