基于GIS黄河上游拉干峡―寺沟峡段滑坡危险性评价.docVIP

基于GIS黄河上游拉干峡―寺沟峡段滑坡危险性评价 　　摘要:结合评价区实际,选取地貌类型、坡度、地层岩性、降雨、地震作为影响滑坡灾害的评价因子,以汶川地震最新研究成果为依据,在断层两侧设定不同缓冲区范围,运用层次分析法确定各因子权重,利用GIS空间分析功能,实现评价区滑坡危险性区划。结果表明滑坡灾害高发区主要集中在龙羊峡库区右岸高陡岸坡地带、循化-群科盆地两侧的低山丘陵区。与实际调查结果基本相吻合,可为今后区内滑坡灾害的预测及预防提供科学参考。 　　关键词:滑坡;危险性评价;GIS 　　中图分类号:P208;P694文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-1683(2010)01-0036-03 　　 　　Landslide Hazard Assessment from Lagan Gorge to Sigou Gorge in the Upper Reaches of Yellow River Based on GIS 　　ZHOU Bao1,HU Gui-shou2,PENG Jian-bing1,L?a Bao-cang3 　　(1.College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics,Changan University,Xian 710054,China; 　　2.Qinghai Provincial Bureau for Environmental Geological Prospecting,Xining 810007,China; 　　3.Qinghai Head Station for Geological Environmental Monitoring,Xining 810003,China) 　　 　　Abstract: According to the real situation of the research region, we select physiognomy, slope, lithology, rainfall and earthquake as the assessment factors, use the newest results based on the Wenchuan earthquake, set two different ranges in both sides of buffer, define the weight coefficient of each factor with the AHP method, realize the risk demarcation for assessment of research region by the spatial analysis function of GIS.The research result shows the high occurrence area of landslide are mainly in the district of abrupt slope on the right side of the Longyangxia Gorge and in the hilly district on the both sides of Xunhua-Qunke basin, which is in accordance with the result of investigation and can be the reference for the following hazard treatment. 　　 　　Key words: landslide;hazard assessment;GIS 　　 　　0 引言 　　评价区位于青海省东部,黄河上游拉干峡-寺沟峡段,面积10 000 km2,涉及省内贵南、共和、贵德、尖扎、化隆、循化、民和等七县。是我国两大阶梯地形青藏高原和黄土高原过渡地带,黄河溯源侵蚀切开积石峡并向上游切开各峡口自东向西贯通了循化-群科盆地、尖扎-化隆盆地、贵德盆地和共和盆地,平面上表现为串珠状盆山相间地貌特征。区内不仅是全省水利水电资源的富矿区,同时也是地质灾害尤其是滑坡灾害高发区,现已查明千万方以上的特大型滑坡灾害近119处(图1),中小型滑坡更是不计其数。 　　目前结合GIS对滑坡灾害的危险性评价已做过很多应用和研究[1-8]。地理信息系统以其特有的制图、数据管理和空间分析等功能为海量空间数据的获取、存储、管理和综合分析提供了高效的手段,为解决地质灾害研究中数据处理瓶颈提供了很好的技术平台和方法[8]。本文基于GIS技术,运用AHP分析法确定权重,对黄河上游拉干峡-寺沟峡段滑坡灾害进行了危险性评价。