基于能力贫困理论大学贫困生贫困循环破解路径.docVIP

基于能力贫困理论大学贫困生贫困循环破解路径 　　摘要：大学贫困生的贫困不仅表现为家庭经济困难、治贫能力低下，更主要表现为因社会制度、教育体制、组织建设等人力资本与社会资本的匮乏而“人为”地将治贫主体排斥在社会资源圈之外，阻碍了他们对“ 手段” “ 能力” 和“ 机会”的获取与提升，从而导致了恶性贫困循环，抑制了治贫主体脱贫意识与“可行能力”转化与提升。为彻底破解治贫窘境，从人力资本与社会资本的双重视角，首先探寻了隐藏在大学贫困生背后与内在的驱动机理，进而从政策与社会支持、高等教育价值链、地方性知识校本课程、组织体系等方面系统地培育与提升贫困生的人力资本与社会资本，从而构建一个内含物质资本、人力资本、社会资本的立体化扶贫体系。 　　关键词：能力贫困；大学贫困生；贫困循环；破解路径；驱动机理 　　中图分类号：C961；G40-052 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1671-1254（2015）02-0068-07 　　Abstract：The poverty of the impoverished college students not only lies in family economic difficulties，inability of getting rid of poverty，but also in the fact that the impoverished college students have no easy access to social resources and are marginalized because of the inadequate human resources and social capitals invested in education system， social system，organization building and the like.As a result，impoverished college students are deprived of the “measures”，“capabilities”and“opportunities”of achieving and improving.A vicious cycle of poverty comes into being，and the transformation and promotion of those studentspoverty consciousness and capabilities is restrained.In order to get out of the dilemma of poverty alleviation，this paper first explored the inner drive mechanism of the impoverished college students from the dual perspectives of human resources and social capitals.It then further proposed that developing and promoting the human capitals and social capitals of the impoverished college students shall be accomplished with policy and social supports，higher education values promotion，localized university courses provision，institutional perfection so as to build a comprehensive and integrative poverty alleviation system that includes human capitals and social capitals. 　　Keywords：ability poverty；impoverished college students；poverty cycle；approach of breaking；drive mechanism 　　经过20多年的理论探索与实践，高校贫困生资助工作成效显著，基本形成了以“贷、助、补、奖、减（免）、培训”为核心的多元资助路径。纵观高校治贫路径，可以发现经历了由以平均主义福利模式为基础、物质资本投入为主导的反贫困模式向物质资本、人力资本、社会资本并重的反贫困模式演进。物质资本为主导的扶贫虽然能暂时缓解物质贫困，但局限性亦非常明显。首