基于生态足迹中国水资源生态承载力供需平衡分析.docVIP

基于生态足迹中国水资源生态承载力供需平衡分析 　　摘要：根据水资源生态足迹的基本原理和计算模型，分别对中国2012年的水资源生态足迹和生态承载力进行了计算，并就结果进行了深入分析和探讨。研究发现，中国各省份的水资源供需平衡在空间分布上存在很大的差异，总体来看东部、南部各省多处于盈余状态，而北部、西部各省多处于赤字状态；从水资源生态足迹、GDP和万元GDP水资源生态足迹的相互关系来看，各地区也存在较大的差异，一个地区经济发展水平越高、产业结构越合理，其水资源的利用效率相对越高。为有效地分析这些差异的分布规律及其原因，从大区域尺度对中国的水资源供需状况进行宏观认识和分析，本文又将模型数据通过行政区划图展示，并针对相关问题提出合理建议，期待有利于中国从整体上考虑水资源的宏观调度和分配，促进社会经济全面协调可持续发展。 　　关键词：水资源；生态足迹；生态承载力；供需平衡；可持续发展 　　中图分类号：X826 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）20-5008-07 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.20.021 　　Analysis of Ecological Balance Between Supply and Demand Based on Water Resources Ecological Footprint in China 　　LI Xing-zheng，LIN Ai-wen，YANG Qian，JI Ying，QIU Li-juan 　　（School of Resource and Environment Science/Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System， Ministry of Education， 　　Wuhan University， Wuhan 430079， China） 　　Abstract： In this paper， according to the basic principle and calculation model of ecological footprint of water resources， the water resources ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity for China in 2012 were calculated， respectively， and the results were analyzed and discussed in depth. In different provinces of China， there was a big difference in the spatial distribution of the balance between supply and demand of water resources， on the whole， the provinces in eastern and southern areas have much surplus while the provinces in northern and western areas are in deficit. From the relationship between the ecological footprint of water resources， GDP and the ecological footprint of water resources of GDP per ten thousand yuan， there are also great differences between each region. The higher the level of economic development of a region is and the more reasonable the industrial structure is， the higher the utilization of water resources is. In order to explore reasons for these differences intuitively and effectively， so as to get a macroscopic understanding and grasp on the water resources supply and demand of Chinas provinces from lar