基于清洁度冷凝器污垢监测方法研究.docVIP

基于清洁度冷凝器污垢监测方法研究 　　摘 要： 衡量冷凝器运行状况的污垢系数容易受到多种因素的影响，故以污垢系数为基础来判断冷凝器水侧壁管脏污的情况, 会产生很大的误差.本文提出清洁度的定义，从而将冷凝器汽侧空气量、水管壁的污垢程度、冷凝器管束布置系数等因素对凝汽器总体传热系数的影响分离开来，能够更准确地诊断凝汽器的污垢程度，为凝汽器的合理清洗提供依据.实验数据表明，当冷凝器的运行出现以下变化如冷凝管堵塞、自动清洗装置停运、空气漏入量较大时，清洁度能够取得比TS模型、热阻法、RBF神经网络更精确的测量结果，对冷凝器的高效运行具有重要的工程意义. 　　 关键词： 冷凝器;污垢监测;清洁度;管束布置;汽侧空气量 　　 中图分类号：TP274 文献标识码：A 　　Condenser Fouling Monitoring Methods Based on Cleanliness 　　ZHANG Ying1,2?k,WANG Yaonan1，WEN Yiming3 　　(1. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan Univ, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; 　　2. College of Information Engineering, Xiangtan Univ, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China； 　　 3. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guilin Univ of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China) 　　Abstract: Fouling coefficient is an important measure parameter of condenser performance, but it is affected by multifactors, therefore judging the condenser water side of tube walls fouling based on coefficient would have a significant error. So this paper proposed the concept of degree of cleanliness, which allows us to analyze the influence of the air accumulated on the steam side、the fouling on condenser water side of tube walls、and the tube bundle coefficient of condenser on the overall heat transfer coefficient of the condenser respectively. It can diagnose the condenser fouling more accurately and provide a basis for scheduling reasonable cleaning. Experimental results show the method can be more reliable than the TS fuzzy model, thermal resistance method, RBF neural network model when the condenser pipe blockage or a larger amount of air leakage into the condenser or condenser operating mode parameters change rapidly. 　　 Key words:condenser;fouling monitoring;cleanliness;tube bundle coefficient;steam side with air accumulated 　　 　　冷凝器是汽轮机组的一个重要组成部分，其作用是将汽轮机的排汽冷却凝结成水，形成高度真空，使进入汽轮机的蒸汽能膨胀到远低于大气压力而多做功，以提高热力循环的效率.可是由于冷却水质的不洁净，热交换时发生化学反应等原因，使冷凝器换热管内壁积聚了许多降低传热效率的污垢，使汽轮机的输出功率减少，热耗率增加.为了测取不同条件下的污垢数据，研制了各种各样的实验研究设备和监测方法.目前常采用热阻