logging and the law - union of concerned scientists精品分析.docVIP

Logging and the Law - Union of Concerned Scientists Logging and the LawHow the U.S. Lacey Act Helps Reduce Illegal Logging in the Tropics Patricia EliasUnion of Concerned Scientistsa p r i l 2 0 1 2Logging and the LawHow the U.S. Lacey Act Helps Reduce Illegal Logging in the Tropics ii Union of ConCerned SCientiStS ? 2012 Union of Concerned ScientistsAll rights reservedpatricia (pipa) elias is a consultant to the Tropical Forest and Climate Initiative at the Union of Concerned Scientists, and is a former analyst/advocate in the program. The Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) is the leading science-based nonprofit working for a healthy environment and a safer world.The UCS Tropical Forest and Climate Initiative analyzes and promotes ways to cut global warming pollution by reducing tropical deforestation. More information about UCS and the Tropical Forest and Climate Initiative is available on the UCS website at /REDD.This report is available in PDF format on the UCS website (/publications) or may be obtained from:UCS Publications2 Brattle SquareCambridge, MA 02138-3780Or, email pubs@ or call (617) 547-5552.DESIGN: David Gerratt/NonprofitDCOvEr PHOTO: ? rhett Butler/Printed on recycled paper logging and the law iiiContents iv aCknowledgmentS 1 exeCUtive SUmmary 3 Chapter one introduction 4 Illegal Logging and Associated Trade 4 Causes of Illegal Logging and Trade 7 Chapter two impacts of illegal logging 7 Economic Impacts in the United States 8 Landscape Impacts in Producing Countries 10 Economic and Societal Impacts in Producing Countries 11 The role of Processing Countries12 Chapter three U.S. actions against illegal logging 12 The 2008 Lacey Act Amendments 13 Other U.S. Government Efforts 13 U.S. Business Efforts14 Chapter foUr global Benefits of the lacey act 14 Economic Benefits 15 Societal Benefits 16 Environmental Benefits 16 Addressing and reducing Leakage17 Chapter five policy recommendations 17 Law Enforcement-Based A