元刊杂剧三十种语气词分析-analysis of 30 modal particles in yuan dynasty drama.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 《元刊杂剧三十种》是现存元代杂剧的唯一元代刊本。书中的语气词很丰富， 但据现有资料来看，元代的这些语气词研究还很不够，主要表现在描写不够准确， 解释不够科学。 本文以《新校元刊杂剧三十种》作为主要语料，全面统计里面的语气词。对 其进行细致、详尽地描写并尝试作出解释。将元刊杂剧中出现的语气词尽可能地 放到近代汉语的共时背景和汉语语气词历史发展演变的历时背景中，主要从语用 角度论述了书中各语气词的用法，并尝试探讨有些语气词的历史来源和后来的发 展。尽可能地利用语法化，主观化，词汇化理论探讨某些语气词产生的时间，过 程，动因，形成机制。兼顾比较和解释，共时和历时研究相结合，力图勾勒出元 代汉语语气词系统及语气词的使用情况、发展特点和流变情况。 全文共分四章。 第一章绪论，探讨了与语气词相关的一些理论问题。例如，什么是“语气”， “语气”都有哪些表达手段。本文罗列了学者们对这些基本问题的不同看法，试 着提出对“语气词”的认识。紧接着介绍了本文的研究对象、语料特点，主要的 研究方法，选题意义和创新点；评价了与《新校元刊杂剧三十种》语气词研究相 关的，比较重要的论文、著作。 第二章、第三章是是本文的核心部分，这两章对《新校元刊杂剧三十种》中 的 34 个语气词进行穷尽性的描写。统计每个语气词（包括语气词连用）的使用次 数和使用频率；全面、详尽地探讨了其用法、意义。以期对其中的语气词有一个 量化和系统的认识。 第四章结语，对全文进行总结归纳，最后指出本文的不足及尚待解决的问题。 关键字：元刊杂剧；语气；语气词；历史来源 II II Abstract 《yuan kan za ju 30 zhong》is the only extant edition of Yuan Dynasty Drama that exists in uan Dynasty. It has lots of modal particles. But compared with current researches and materials, the research on the modal particles of Yuan Dynasty was not enough. They were not accurate in description or not scientific in explanation. The paper basing on the New Revision of Drama of 30 kinds of Yuan Dynasty, collects all its modal particles, describes and explains them in detail with the help of former research. The modal particles appeared in Yuan Dramas were put in the synchronic background of modern Chinese and the diachronic background of the history and developing of Chinese modal particles, illustrated all the modal particles from pragmatic point, and discusses the historic origin of some modal particles and later development. The paper tries to use some theories of Grammaticalization, Subjective and some Lexicalization to discuss the time, course, motivation, and Formation mechanism of some modal particles. The paper also includes some combination of comparison and explanation, synchronic and diachronic, aiming to describe the use, developing features and rheological situation of modal particles. The paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter preface, discusses some theories related to mo