【毕业论文】常微分方程平衡点及稳定性研究.doc

PAGE 摘 要 本文给出了微分方程稳定性的概念,并举了一些例子来说明不同稳定性定义之间的区别和联系。这些例子都是通过求出方程解析解的方法来讨论零解是否稳定。在实际问题中提出的微分方程往往是很复杂的,无法求出其解析解,这就需要我们从方程本身来判断零解的稳定性。所以我们讨论了通过稳定性定理来判断自治系统零解的稳定性，并用类似的方法讨论了非自治系统零解的稳定性。在此基础上，讨论了一阶和二阶微分方程的平衡点及其稳定性，这对其研究数学建模的稳定性模型起到很大的作用,并且利用相关的差分方程的全局吸引性研究了具时滞的单种群模型 的平衡点的全局吸引性,所获结果改进了文献中相关的结论。 关键词：自治系统 平衡点 稳定性 全局吸引性 Abstract In this paper,we gived the conceptions of differential equation stability. Simultaneously a number of examples to illustrate the difference between the definition of different stability and contact. These examples are obtained by analytical solution equation method to discuss the stability of zero solution. Practical issues raised in the often very complicated differential equations, analytical solution can not be obtained, which requires us to determine from the equation itself, the stability of zero solution. So we discussed the stability theorem to determine through the stability of zero solution of autonomous systems, and use similar methods to discuss the non-zero solution of autonomous system stability. On this basis,we discuss a step and the second-step and the stability, which plays the major role to its stability of the model, and the global attractivity of the positive equilibrium of the following delay single population model is investigated by using the corresponding result related to a difference equation.The obtained results improve some known results in the literature. Key Words:autonomous system;equilibrium point;stability;delay;globally asymptotic stability;global attractivity 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \u 摘 要 PAGEREF _Toc296432499 \h I Abstract PAGEREF _Toc296432500 \h II 目 录 PAGEREF _Toc296432501 \h I 第1章 引言 PAGEREF _Toc296432502 \h 1 第2章 微分方程平衡点及稳定性分析 PAGEREF _Toc296432503 \h 3 2.1 平衡点及稳定性定义 PAGEREF _Toc296432504 \h 3 2.2 自治系统零解的稳定性 PAGEREF _Toc296432505 \h 4 2.2.1 函数 PAGEREF _Toc296432506 \h 4 2.2.2 稳定性定理 PAGEREF _Toc296432507 \h 5 2.3 非自治系统的稳定性 PAGEREF _Toc296432508 \h 8 2.3.1 函数和类函数 PAGEREF _Toc296432509 \h 8 2.3.2 零