杂交水稻高产节氮栽培对二化螟发生危害影响.docVIP

杂交水稻高产节氮栽培对二化螟发生危害影响 　　摘要对杂交水稻高产节氮栽培试验中的不同栽培模式,缓释尿素(SCU)及不同类型肥料,普通尿素不同施氮水平及施肥方式等,对二化螟的发生危害的影响进行比较研究。结果表明:优化栽培和轻简栽培,缓释尿素(SCU)和其他几种新型肥及配方肥都能减轻二化螟的发生危害,普通氮肥施氮过多则加重危害。杂交水稻高产节氮栽培,一般施纯N杂交稻150~180 kg/hm2,超级杂交稻195~225 kg/hm2较为适宜。坚持科学施用氮肥,推广应用控缓释肥和适氮适磷钾复合肥,不仅使水稻获得高产,而且可减轻病虫危害,减少因氮肥流失而造成的浪费和污染。 　　关键词杂交水稻;高产节氮;栽培技术;二化螟;发生危害 　　中图分类号S435.112+.1文献标识码A文章编号 1007-5739(2010)08-0159-03 　　 　　EffectsofHybridRiceNitrogen-savingandHigh-yieldCultivationonOccurrenceofChilosuppressalisWalker 　　HUANG Zhi-nong1MA Guo-hui2XU Zhi-de1WEN Ji-hui1LONG Ji-rui2CHEN Min3ZHOU Jing2 　　(1Hunan Plant Protection Institute,Changsha Hunan 410125; 2China National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center; 　　3 Yong’an Agricultural Technology Station in Liuyang City) 　　AbstractThe occurrence of Chilo suppressalis Walker under a series of conditions was studied,which included different cultivation modes of nitrogen-saving and high-yield,slow release nitrogen(SCU)and different types of fertilizers,different nitrogen levels and fertilization methods of common urea. The results indicated that the following factors could reduce the incidence of Chilo Supressalis walker,which were optimized and simplified cultivation models,slow release nitrogen(SCU),other new types of fertilizer and compound formulations fertilizers. But the application of too much common nitrogen fertilizer would increase the hazard of Chilo suppressalis walker. Nitrogen-saving and high-yield cultivation was suitable for hybrid rice. In the cultivation pattern,the nitrogen application of hybrid rice was 150~180 kg/hm2,and super hybrid rice was 195~225 kg/hm2. Adhering to the scientific application of nitrogen fertilizer,promoting controlled slow-release fertilizer and nitrogen-phosophrous-potassium mixed fertilizer not only made access to high-yield,but also reduced the harm of deseases and pests,and reduced the waste and pollution caused by nitrogen loss. 　　Key wordshybrid rice;nitrogen-saving and high-yield;cultivation technique;Chil