（毕业设计论文）《碳酸月桂酯合成》.doc

PAGE 精品 高级脂肪醇碳酸月桂酯的合成研究 摘 要 润滑油的发展与国民经济的发展是密不可分的。随着我国车辆及机械设备的长足发展，润滑油也得到了快速发展。其中作为酯类润滑油，碳酸月桂酯是一种外观清澈的无色油状液体，它是一种性能优良的润滑剂基础油，具有良好的润滑性、不易结焦、积炭少和后处理简单的特点。 本实验探讨了碳酸二甲酯与正十二醇（也称作月桂醇）的酯交换反应，考察了不同催化剂、催化剂用量、反应时间、加热温度和反应物配比对产品收率的影响，并采用气相色谱仪对产品进行初步定量分析，并利用粘度计测定了产品的粘度指数。最后得出碳酸月桂酯最佳合成条件：利用三氧化二铁/粘土为作催化剂；其中反应物碳酸二甲酯与月桂醇的摩尔比为1:3，加热温度130℃，反应时间为2h，催化剂用量5%（占反应物体系的质量分数）。得到的产物粘度在100℃时为2.200mm2/s，在40℃时为8.606 mm2/s，粘温指数为37.04。 关键字：碳酸月桂酯，碳酸二甲酯，月桂醇，酯交换反应 Research on synthesis of higher fatty alcohol lauryl carbonate Abstract The development of oil and the development of national economy is inseparable. With the rapid development of Chinas vehicles and machinery, lubricating oil also get a rapid development. As a kind of ester lubricant, didodecyl carbonate is a clear colorless oily liquid,it is a kind of good performance of lubricant oil, which has the characteristics about good lubricity, non-coke, little carbon deposit and simple post-treatment. The experimental explores the transesterification reaction of dimethyl carbonate and dodecanol(also called lauryl alcohol),and researchs the effect to product yield of different catalyst,the catalyst’use level, the reaction time, reaction temperature and the ratio of the reatants, and uses gas chromatography for the quantitative analysis of products, and uses the preliminary to determine the dynamic viscosity of product. Finally concluded that the best synthetic condition of didodecyl carbonate: use trioxide iron/clay as catalyst in the the transesterification reaction of dimethyl carbonate and dodecanol;the mole ratio of dimethyl carbonate and lauryl alcohol is 1 to 3, heating temperature is 130℃, reaction time is 2h, catalyst’use level is 5% (mass fraction). The dynamic viscosity of product is 2.200mm2/s in temperature of 100℃,and 8.606 mm2/s in temperature of 40℃, was viscosity index is 37.04. Key words: didodecyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dodecanol ,transesterification TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 目 录 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264556016 1.前言 PAGE