论端方对四川保路运动态度之转变.docVIP

论端方对四川保路运动态度之转变 　　关键词：四川保路运动；铁路国有政策；端方；资州起义；鄂军 　　摘要：1911年5月，清政府在颁布铁路干线收归国有谕旨后不久便重新起用端方为督办粤汉、川汉铁路大臣。端方最初坚决执行铁路国有政策，对四川保路运动的态度也较为强硬。随着四川保路运动的不断发展，清政府决定派端方入川查办。受清廷对四川保路运动处置办法的适时变化、朝野上下主张对四川保路运动采取和平方式、端方入川前后所处环境的变化以及端方与赵尔丰、岑春煊等人的矛盾斗争等因素影响，端方对四川保路运动的态度也渐趋温和，转变为采取和平手段宽大处理、一定程度满足四川人民要求。但这未能阻止四川保路运动的迅猛发展，端方本人最终也难逃厄运，于11月27日夜在四川资州被起义的鄂军杀害。 　　中图分类号：K257.26文献标志码：A文章编号：1009-4474（2015）06-0123-08 　　Change of Duan Fang Attitude toward Sichuan Railway Protection Movement 　　―And Discussion on the Zizhou Uprising 　　LI Hongxu 　　（School of Historical Culture and Tourism，Sichuan Normal University，Chengdu 610066，China） 　　Key words： Sichuan Railway Protection Movement； the policy of nationalizing railways； Duan Fang； the Zizhou Uprising；the rebels of Hubei 　　Abstract： In May 1911， the Qing government gave the order to nationalize railways and soon reappointed Duan Fang as the chief minister in charge of Yuehan and Chuanhan railways. In the beginning， Duan firmly implemented the policy of nationalizing railways and took a relatively hard line with the movement. With the continuous development of Sichuan Railway Protection Movement， the Qing government decided to send Duan to investigate the issues in Sichuan. At that time， the Qing government was inclined to change its policy towards Sichuan Railway Protection Movement， and the officials of the government held that the movement should be dealt with in a peaceful way. The political circumstances changed. Duang Fang was involved in contradictions with Zhao Erfeng and Cen Chunxuan. As a result， Duan Fang changed his former attitude toward Sichuan Railway Protection Movement and started to deal with it peacefully， which， to some extent， met Sichuan peoples requirements. But all of these attempts could not stop Sichuan Railway Protection Movement from developing rapidly. Duan Fang even failed to escape his own misfortune. On the evening of November 27， he was killed by the rebels of Hubei in Zizhou， Sichuan. 　　四川保路运动在中国近代史上具有重要的意义，发生