解破学12关节学.pptxVIP

第一篇:Chapter 2Arthrology -ⅡContentThe General Description.The Joints of the Bones of Trunk.The Joints of the Upper Limbs.The Joints of the Lower LimbsThe Joints of the Skull.§⒊ The diarthroses The definitionThe diarthroses (活动关节) are also called indirect connection (间接连结) or the freely movable articulations or synovial joints(滑膜关节/关节). The synovial joint (滑膜关节) is named from the synovial membrane (滑膜) which may secretes the synovial fluid (滑液).The synovial joint view (Diarthrosis)Diarthrosis [da?ɑr θros?s] [da?ɑ? θr?us?s] 可动关节The characters of the synovial jointMost joints within the skeletal system are freely movable normally.The range of the joint movement is depended on the requirements for function and stability.The articulating bones are held together by the fibrous tissue for a synovial joint. There is a space between the articulating bones. §⒋ The structures of a synovial jointArticular Surface关节面Articular Capsule关节囊Articular Cavity关节腔Essential Structure基本结构Accessary Structure附属结构Synovial joint Ligaments韧带Articular Disc关节盘Articular Labrum关节唇Synovial Fold and Bursae滑膜襞与滑膜囊The synovial joint viewArticular capsuleArticular surfaceArticular cavity⒈ The essential structures of a synovial jointArticular surfaces关节面Articular capsule关节囊Articular cavity关节腔Essential structures⑴The articular surfaces (关节面) The articular surfaces are the bone surfaces forming the synovial joints. The characters of the articular surfaces: They are covered by the articular cartilage and very smooth. The articular cartilage (关节软骨) Articular cartilage (关节软骨) is devoid of both nerves and blood vessels.Its nourishment is largely depended on the synovial fluid (滑液). The articular cartilageThe function of the articular cartilage Marrow cavityThe Functions: 减轻运动时的摩擦和冲击。 Articular surfaceArticular cartilage⑵The articular capsule (关节囊)The articular capsule is attached to the