矿产资源开发对地下水环境影响及对策.docVIP

矿产资源开发对地下水环境影响及对策 　　摘要：以广东省封开县某矿区为例，在对研究区地下水环境调查评价的基础上，通过数值模拟计算，预测分析了矿产资源开发活动对地下水环境的影响程度。研究结果表明，矿产资源开发过程中地下水流场变化较大的区域主要分布于巷道上游约1 000 m、下游约600 m范围内，在该区域应定时监测水位变化情况;稳定流场条件下，非正常工况选矿废水沉淀池污染物渗漏8 a后Cu对地下水贡献值超过0.05 mg/L的距离可达149 m，污染物超标带地下水开始向板梯河以泄流方式排放污染物。如果能采取有效的防渗措施，可大大降低矿产资源开发活动对矿区及周边地下水环境的影响。 　　关键词：矿产资源开发;地下水;环境影响;污染防治 　　中图分类号：P641.69文献标志码：A文章编号： 　　1672-1683（2015）02-0289-05 　　Effects and measures of mineral resources development on groundwater environment 　　-a case study of a mining area in Fengkai County of Guangdong Province 　　LUO Yu-chi，SONG Bao-de，RUAN Wen-gang 　　（Guangdong Provincial Academe of Environmental Sciences，Guangzhou 510045，China） 　　Abstract：On the basis of groundwater environment investigation and evaluation，a numerical simulation was performed to analyze the effects of mineral resource development on groundwater environment of a mining area in Fengkai County of Guangdong Province.The results showed that the area with significant effects on groundwater flow field during the mineral resource development is within the range of 1 000 m upstream and 600 m downstream，and groundwater levels in this area need to be regularly monitored.Under steady groundwater flow and after the pollutants in the mineral processing wastewater settling tank under the abnormal working conditions spill eight years，the distance that the content of Cu in groundwater exceeds 0.05 mg/L can reach 149 m，and groundwater in the excessive pollutants zones begins to discharge pollutants to the Banti River.Effective seepage control measures need to be conducted to reduce the impact of mineral resource development activities on groundwater environment in the mining and its surrounding areas. 　　Key words：mineral resources development;groundwater;environmental effects;prevention and remediation of pollution 　　矿产资源是国民经济和社会发展的重要物质基础，但资源开发活动也会不同程度的引发一系列地下水环境问题，如采掘工程过量排水导致地下水位下降而引发地质灾害，矿山“三废”未经有效处置使地下水水质受到污染[1-2]。国内外许多学者大多关注矿山涌水对地下水环境的影响，而对开发活动导致的地下水水质污染关注较少[3-7]。本文以广东省封开县某矿为例，对矿产资源开发全过