半滑舌鳎cynoglossus semilaevis性别决定机制、养殖群体性比及雌雄形态差异分析-海洋生物专业论文.docxVIP

上海海洋大学硕士学位论文 II W 染色体的个体不能发育至肌节期。所以，推测半滑舌鳎雌核发育后代不会出现 雌性，而只有雄性。 （2）在遗传性别上，雌雄所占比例分别为 45.5%与 54.5%，约为 1:1，差异不 显著。在表型性别上，雄性所占的比例是 75.2%，远超过雌性的 24.8%，两者比值 接近 1:3。遗传性别为雌性的个体中，有 53.5%正常发育出卵巢，为雌性；有 46.5% 发育成精巢，表现为雄性，称之为“伪雄鱼”。遗传性别为雄性的个体全部发育成精 巢，为正常雄性；未发现有逆转者。上述比例与养殖现场常出现雌性比例仅为 1/4 的现象相一致，说明由遗传雌性个体半数变为雄性所致。本研究结果表明，养殖 现场雌性比例占 1/4 是正常现象，如想提高雌性比例，应首先阻止雌性个体雄性化。 （3）在体重上，半滑舌鳎表型雌雄之间在 6 月龄时已具显著性差异（p0.05）， 6 月龄以后，两者之间的差距持续增大。在体长方面，半滑舌鳎表型雌雄之间在 6 月龄时已有较大差异，而在 8 月龄达到显著性水平。6 月龄以后，表型雌性无论在 体长还是在体重上，都显著大于正常雄性（p0.05）；而伪雄鱼在体长、体重两个 方面均处于表型雌性和正常雄性之间，比表型雌性稍小，比正常雄性稍大，但均 未达显著性水平。半滑舌鳎雌雄间的显著性差异在体重和体长上并非同时显现， 体重差异性达显著水平早于体长。 关键词：半滑舌鳎，雌核发育，性别决定，遗传性别，表型性别，伪雄鱼  PAGE 5 Study on the sex determination, sex ratio of cultural population and morphological differences between genders of Half-smooth tongue sole Cyyyynnnnoooogggglllloooossssssssuuuusssssssseeeemmmmiiiillllaaaaeeeevvvviiiissss ABSTRACT The half-smooth tongue sole Cyyyynnnnogloglogloglososososssssuuuussss sssseeeemmmmiiiillllaeaeaeaevvvviiiissss is a marine species that  belongs to the Pleuronectiformes order, Cynoglossidae and Cynoglossus family. This species distributes mainly at the offshore area of the Yellow and Bohai Sea, with the features such as small motion range, big body size, fast growth and delicious taste. Usually, the females grow 2-4 times faster than the males. The male can not reach specification of goods, therefore, along the growth of the juvenile fish, the small were picked out in order to obsolete the male. Meanwhile, the proportion of the male is much more than the female in cultured population. Some studies were carried out due to those problems. In the first half of this thesis, the sex determination mechanism of half-smooth tongue sole was inferred. Blastula and sarcomere stage embryos, and 2-day post fertilization larvae from both meiogynogenesis and mitogynogenesis treatments were analyzed with a sex-linked marker, CseF-SSR. In the second part, I studied the sex ratio both genetically and morphologic