奥康纳生态马克思主义思想分析-思想政治教育专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘要 万方数据 万方数据 万方数据 万方数据 20 世纪 60 年代，生态危机已经成为世界各国关注的焦点，对人类的生存以 及健康的威胁日益凸显。为了解决生态危机，学者们从不同角度对生态危机展开 研究，形成一股绿色思潮。奥康纳生态马克思主义思想是生态马克思主义的典型 代表，他产生于特定的社会历史背景，建立在马克思主义哲学的基础之上，致力 于人与自然的解放。 奥康纳生态马克思主义理论的主要思路是：以自然和文化改造生产力和生产 关系理论，建立起文化、社会劳动、自然三者之间的关系，重构传统的历史唯物 主义；在马克思第一重矛盾理论基础上提出了资本主义第二重矛盾（生产条件与 生产力和生产关系之间的矛盾）。第二重矛盾针对资本主义的生态危机，分析生态 危机与经济危机之间的联系，揭示资本主义制度在生态上的不可持续性。最后， 奥康纳提出了建设生态社会主义的设想，并把它作为解决双重危机的根本途径。 奥康纳生态马克思主义提升了马克思主义的理论张力、拓宽了对资本主义的 批判领域、在一定程度上坚持和发展了马克思主义生态思想。其理论中蕴含的生 态思想为解决我国发展中出现的环境问题提供了参考和借鉴。奥康纳生态马克思 主义不可避免地存在着一定的局限性；他对历史唯物主义的重构是形而上学的； 其资本主义危机论还不够彻底；生态社会主义构想缺乏现实基础。 关键词：奥康纳；生态马克思主义；生态危机 I Abstract 1960s, ecological crisis has become the focus of world attentions, the threat to human survival and health has become increasingly prominent . In order to solve the ecological crisis , scholars from different angles on a study of ecological crisis , the formation of a green thought. OConnor’s ecological Marxism is a typical representative of ecological Marxism , he produced in specific social and historical context , based on the Marxist philosophy , is committed to the liberation of man and nature . The main idea of OConnor’s ecological Marxist theory is: the natural and cultural transformation theory of productive forces and production relations , to establish the relationship between culture , social work, among nature , the reconstruction of the traditional historical materialism ; Marx first heavy presents the second contradiction of capitalism ( production conditions contradictions between the productive forces and relations of ) the contradictions based on the theory . The second contradiction of capitalism directs to the ecological crisis , analyzing the linkages between the ecological crisis and the economic crisis , revealing the capitalist system of ecologically unsustainable . Finally , OConnor proposed the idea of building an ecological socialism , and put it as a fundamental way to the dual crisis be resolved . OConnor enhances the tension of Marxism Marxist theo