第七章节货币供求与货币市场均衡1.pptVIP

货币供求与货币市场均衡 Standard of deferred payment延期支付标准 货币制度的演进 商品货币：出了具有交易媒介等货币功能之外，本身还具有商品价值之货币。 条件：耐久性、可分割、同质性或一致性、轻便、供给稳定、适度缺乏性。 货币数量说与Gresham’Law 强制货币：政府赋予无限法偿地位之货币。 无限法偿（Legal Tender） 铸币与存款货币 Asset Demand The asset demand or speculative投机 motive for holding money arises because people use money as a store of value. Asset Demand Suppose you are interested in buying some stocks or bonds but maybe you think that the present prices are too high. In this case you might want to hold some money so that you can be ready to buy the stocks or bonds when the price becomes more attractive. You are speculating that a better financial opportunity will appear. Transactions Demand Nominal GDP The basic determinant of the amount of money demanded for transactions is the level of nominal GDP. The larger the total money value of all goods and services that are exchanged in the economy, the larger the amount of money needed to negotiate these transactions. If GDP Changes What do you think will happen to the transactions demand for money if prices and nominal GDP double? If GDP Changes What do you think will happen to the transactions demand for money if prices and nominal GDP double? If prices and nominal GDP double, the transactions demand for money will double. * The Purpose Of This Lesson Is to first describe how our money and banking system works. After that, we will show you how monetary policy may be used to fight recessions and inflation. Two Questions Monetary or Fiscal Policy? Monetarism or Keynesianism? We’ll explain how Monetarism emerged in the 1970s to challenge Keynesianism. A Definition Changes in the Money Supply Expand the Economy Contract the Economy What is Money? That’s easy to answer, you may say. It’s the cash in our pockets. But money actually has a much broader definition. It is anything that can be widely used and accepted in exchange for other goods and services. What is Money? The Four Functions Of Money Money is the most “liquid” of assets, meaning it