变电站接地系统应用研究-电气工程专业论文.docxVIP

华北电 华北电力大学工程硕士专业学位论文 I I 摘 要 电力系统的接地问题是一个看似简单、而实际上却非常复杂又至关重要的问题, 它直接关系到人身及设备的安全。为了正确应用接地技术，提高电网防雷击，避免 短路电流造成人员伤害，有必要对电网接地技术进行深入的研究。特别是随着国民 经济的发展，电力系统的跨越式发展，电网规模急剧扩大，接地短路电流越来越大， 电网因接地网因素造成的雷击跳闸、雷击过电压、过电流保护事故越来越受到重视， 随着各种微机监控设备的普遍应用，对接地的要求也越来越高。接地系统不仅仅对 工频接地电阻，而且对冲击接地电阻、热稳定、设备接触电压、跨步电压、地电位 干扰也有一系列的要求。在上饶地区以前由于接地系统的问题而引起的主设备损 坏、变电所停运等事故多有发生，给电网的安全稳定运行带来了很大的危害，因而 电力系统的接地问题现在受到了高度的重视，特别是对新建变电站接地的要求越来 越高。 本论文简单介绍了接地系统的理论和接地系统的理论计算公式，土壤电阻率及 其相关的计算公式，并介绍了如何实测土壤电阻率及其接地电阻。拟采用的接地设 计方案及其技术经济比较；详细论述了变电站接地网的设计步骤及接地系统的施工 工艺。介绍了几种常见的降阻措施，综合枫领头变电站接地网设计的具体实例，因 地制宜地左设计方案，实施后接地电阻、接触电压和跨步电压均达到了设计的要求。 本人希望此设计实例在解决实际的接地问题时能起到指导和借鉴作用。,在电力系统 的实际工程中具有一定的意义。 关键词：接地系统；接地电阻；降阻措施；土壤电阻率 II II Abstract The earth problem of the power systems seems very simple, but actually is very complex and important ,for personnel and equipment safety. It is necessary to carry out deep-going study on earth-electtode network, for correct applying earth technology, for increasing lightning protection of short-circuit current. Especially, With the rapid development of the national economy and the great leap forward development of electric system, and the growth of the prover network, the short-circuit current increases largely. And the accident is pay more attention to for the lightning trip and lightning overvoltage and overcurrent protection. Due to the common use of micoro-computer monitoring devices, the demand of the earth become more rigrous. There are a serious of requirements, not only on the earthing resistance, but also on the impact earthing resistance the device hot stability, the devic touch voltage, the step voltage and the ground voltage disturbance. In shangrao region, many faults, such as the mais equipment damage and the lose power in a substation, endanger the safety of the power grid. Therefor, more attentiong now should be put on the earth of the power system, especially more and more requirement of the earth in a new-built substation. In this thesis, the theory and the computational formula of