《SPC介绍》教学课件.pptVIP

* The cusum of individuals chart is a control chart for variable characteristics. It is used to monitor a process by sequentially sampling and plotting the cumulative sum of deviations of individual values from the target value you specify. By default, the chart displays a V-mask for detection of out-of-control situations. The cusum of individuals chart is sensitive to detecting small shifts in the process mean. Usually a shift of 1 standard deviation or less is considered small. The construction of the cusum chart assumes that your data follow a normal distribution and that the process variation is constant across all subgroups. You can control how the V-mask is constructed by specifying a tolerated degree of shift and/or changing the default a and b risk values. If b is not specified, QI Analyst assumes it is very close to 0. You can preset process variability for cusum charts, estimate it from the subgroup mean, or calculate it from all of the data. The cusum of individuals chart is appropriate when the process mean is known to change continuously, as in a process with inherent growth or decaying effects, and when control of such common-cause effects is too expensive or impractical at the system design level. To monitor and analyze special causes, combine the cusum chart with an individuals and moving range chart. * 运行 — 从严格意义上讲，运行图并非控制图。它只是简单地基于时间绘出的个别测量值图表。运行图上没有控制限。如果变量特征设置中包含了规格限，则它们会出现在图表上。 QI Analyst 还可以生成传统的直方图与散点图。散点图既可以基于记录值，也可以基于变量特征。 A Run chart is a line chart that displays the value of each individual measurement and can be used to monitor the variation of a variable. If you have specified the target and specification limits when you set up the characteristic, they are displayed on the chart with the target value as the center line. You can also display the median line on Run charts. * A Histogram, sometimes called a frequency or probability chart, is a graphical presentation of the distribution of values summarized into cells or intervals. A H