动态电压恢复器的直流储能系统关键技术研究-电力系统及其自动化专业论文.docx

摘 要 随着控制技术的进步，计算机控制的负荷在国民经济中的比重日趋增多，这类负 荷对电压和频率的变化比较敏感，一旦发生电压跌落等故障，极易出现负荷跳闸甚至 损毁，严重影响工业生产，即通常所说的敏感负荷。 动态电压恢复器（Dynamic Voltage Restorer,DVR）是一种用于抑制电力系统电压 跌落、保护配电网故障后敏感负荷的装置，在 DVR 的直流侧增加储能元件，对 DVR 的补偿效果起着至关重要的作用。鉴于此，本文对 DVR 的直流储能系统的拓扑结构、 数学模型和控制策略进行研究。 论文首先提出了电能质量存在的问题，以及应对这类问题的措施，从而引出了抑 制电力系统电压跌落的动态电压恢复器，并对动态电压恢复器的原理、组成和特性进 行了介绍。而在动态电压恢复器的直流侧增加直流储能单元能够使得其性能有很大的 改善，提出了直流储能系统的关键技术，对蓄电池和超级电容器两种主要的储能元件 的原理、特点和等效电路模型进行了介绍。 论文重点研究了蓄电池直流储能系统和蓄电池—超级电容器复合直流储能系统 的拓扑结构、数学模型，通过 Bode 图分析了系统的稳定裕度，并设计 PI 控制器，采 用了双闭环反馈控制提高系统稳定性、减小静态误差；设计了系统的前馈控制，与反 馈控制共同实现了系统的复合控制；后在 PSCAD/EMTDC 平台上仿真验证了蓄电池 直流储能系统和蓄电池—超级电容器复合储能系统的特性。 论文最后对蓄电池单一储能形式下和蓄电池—超级电容器复合储能形式下的 DVR 进行了仿真，验证了两者抑制故障后电压跌落的作用，对比了两者的性能和特 性。 文末进行了全文总结，对本课题中可进一步深入开展的工作进行了展望。 关键词：电压跌落，直流储能系统，复合储能，动态电压恢复器  Abstract As the development of the control technologies,the computer controlled load in power system are increasing.These are so called the sensitive load which demand a high quality of the power supply and have a poor resistance to faults such as the voltage sag. The DVR,which contains the DC energy storage system as its active power supply unit, is used to mitigate the voltage sag and protect the sensetive load after faults.Considering the importance of the DC energy storage system in the mitigation of the voltage sag,this thesis launches a research on the constructure,the maths models and the control stretage of the it. At the beganning , the thesis makes a short introduction on the problem existing in the power system and the measures to get rid of these problems.Among these measures,DVR is usually used to mitigate the voltage sag.The function and structure of DVR is stated.As an important part of DVR,the DC energy storage system is mentioned and the key technologies is given. As the main study of this subject,this thesis proposed two DC energy storage forms, namely the battery DC energy storage system and the compoud of battery and supercapacitor DC energy storage system.By constructing the small signal models of the two energ