摄影测量学LIDAR.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Airborne LIDAR 内 容 1. 航空LIDAR基本知识及原理 2. 航空LIDAR应用领域 Airborne LIDAR (机载激光雷达) LIDAR是一种集激光,全球定位系统和惯 性导航系统三种技术与一体的空间测量系 统 。是一种新型传感器，具有十分广泛的 应用范围和应用前景。 其应用已超出传统测量、遥感所覆盖的范 围，成为一种独特的数据获取方式。 Airborne LIDAR 原理 (Principles) 设备 (Equipment) 特点 (Features) Lidar Principles Scanning mirror sweeps laser beam across the ground Range to target is determined by measuring time interval between outgoing and return of reflected laser pulse Aircraft position is determined using GPS phase differencing techniques Pointing direction of laser determined with Inertial Measuring Unit (IMU) and recording of mirror position Data streams recorded and synchronized to process Equipment POS系统 (GPS/IMU) 激光器 激光信号接收装置 计算机 飞机 ALS50-II Installation Falcon II Falcon II mounted in a Piper Seneca TopoSys Corp. Installation Harrier 56 Test installation Partenavia TopoSys Corp. Airborne LIDAR Sample Data Digital Canopy Model Airborne LIDAR的特点 提供密集的点阵数据(点间距可以小于1米); 能够穿透植被的叶冠; 不需要或很少需要进入测量现场; 可同时测量地面和非地面层; 数据的绝对精度在0.30米以内; 24小时全天候工作; 具有迅速获取数据的能力。 LIDAR Data Source First return Last return Laser returns hit various parts of the canopy Multiple returns Lidar Intensity imagery: Magnitude of the responses Intensity Data Lidar Data Greyscale Intensity Image Courtesy: http://www.optech.on.ca/ Cincinnati Airport – Aerial Photo Cincinnati Airport – Intensity Plot Vertical better than 15 cm at 1,200 m better than 35 cm at 3,000 m Horizontal better than 1/2,000 x altitude Accuracy Buttonville Airport, Toronto, Canada (Flight Path Obstruction Identification) Application DEM提取 道路，电力线 海岸测量 城市建模 海洋测量 … Elevation data Classified Ground-Only Data Landed @ 5pm Mapped @ 11pm – 6 HOUSR !!! 1.5 hrs to survey 350,000 pts USGS DEM Lidar DEM LIDAR Used in Transportation /.../august/highlight.html Power Lines Digital Surface Models (DSM) For 3G Wireless Communication /stories/s798.htm 矢量数据采集和3D建模 George Vosselman 2005 Automatically Extract