纳米材料的表面.ppt-精选版.pptVIP

金属纳米粒子的化学合成方法 Shipway, A.N.; Katz, E.; Willner, I. CHEMPHYSCHM. 2000, 1, 18-52. * 1. Metal Compound 2. Solvents ：Water Polar/Non-polar organic solvents 3. Reducing agent ：Gaseous hydrogen, Hydridic compounds Reducing organics, e.g. alcohols 4. Stabilizers (Stabilizing agents/ligands/capping agents/passivating agents): organic ligands, surfactants, polymers, polyoxoanions, et al. ? prevent uncontrollable growth of particles ? prevent particle aggregation ? control growth rate ? controls particle size ? allows particle solubility in various solvents 金属纳米粒子的化学合成方法 * 金属纳米粒子的化学合成方法 * 金属纳米粒子的化学合成方法 (1) * (2) (3) * A) dictation by the anisotropic crystallographic structure of a solid; B) confinement by a liquid droplet as in the vapor-liquid-solid process; C) direction through the use of a template; D) kinetic control provided by a capping reagent; E) self-assembly of 0D nanostructures; F) size-reduction of a 1D microstructure. 一维纳米材料合成方法 Schematic illustrations of six different strategies that have been demonstrated for achieving 1D growth: * Nanofibers NATURE Vol. 4371 September 2005 * Nanobelt /nanoribbon ZnO SCIENCE VOL 291 9 MARCH 2001 ZnO Materials Letters 59 (2005) 1696–1700 * Nano peapod high-resolution, low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM) (Science----1 February 2002) * Nano rings JACS 2005 * Nano-flowers 中科院物理所先进材料与结构分析实验室李超荣副研究员、张晓娜、表面物理国家重点实验室曹则贤研究员通过应力自组装在无机体系Ag/SiOx微米级的内核/壳层结构上成功地获得了三角格子铺排和斐波纳契数花样。 研究内容以Report形式于2005年8月5日发表在Science上。文章发表后在国际上引起了强烈的反响。Nanotechweb 和 ORF ON Science网站当天就分别以“应变的微结构形成类植物花样” 和“微观世界的花朵”作了长篇介绍。 * 纳米粒子的表征 TEM(隧道显微镜) Four basic types of nanotech tools are available: ? Visualization tools, primarily scanning probe and electron microscopes; ? Measurement (or metrology) tools, including spectroscopic and optics based; ? Fabrication/production tools, including nanomanipulators and nanolithographic devices; ? Simulation/modeling tools, which aid in the design and development of nanotechnology products. * SEM(扫描显微