厦门市3 075例儿童血铅检测和分析.docVIP

厦门市3 075例儿童血铅检测和分析 　　[摘要] 目的：了解厦门市区儿童血铅水平分布状况，为预防儿童铅中毒提供依据。方法：随机选择我院门诊就诊的儿童3 075例，年龄0～12岁，原子吸收石墨炉法测定血铅值。结果：儿童血铅均值为64.98 g/L，铅中毒检出率为9.33%，随着年龄增加血铅均值及铅中毒检出率呈现逐渐增高的趋势， 男童血铅均值及铅中毒检出率高于女童。结论：厦门市儿童铅中毒率接近国内其他城市平均水平，但血铅水平有随年龄增长而增加的趋势，铅污染对儿童身体健康危害应引起重视。 　　[关键词] 血铅水平；铅中毒；儿童 　　[中图分类号] R135.1+1[文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210（2010）11（a）-131-02 　　 　　Detection and analysis of lead concentrations in blood of 3 075 children in Xiamen 　　HUANG Xiaoli, HUANG Geling, CHEN Zhihao, SHE Yisheng 　　(The Maternity and Child Care Hospital of Xiamen City, Fujian Province, Xiamen 361002, China) 　　[Abstract] Objective: To provide the scientific guidance for the prevention of lead poisoning in children, the lead concentrations in blood of children in Xiamen is investigated. Methods: 3 075 cases of outpatients in our hospital were surveyed randomly in the range of 0-12 years old. The concentrations of lead in blood of these children were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. Results: The mean blood lead concentration was 64.98 μg/L, and the ratio of lead poisoning of all surveyed children was 9.33%. Both the above indexes increase gradually with the increase of age and are higher of boys in comparison with those of girls. Conclusion: The lead poisoning rate of children in Xiamen is close to the average level of other cities, however, the blood lead level tends to increase with the increase of age. The effect of lead pollution on physical health of children should be paid more attention nowadays. 　　[Key words] Blood lead level; Lead poisoning; Children 　　 　　随着城市化和工业化进程的加快，环境铅污染已严重影响儿童的健康与发育，儿童铅中毒不仅是一种疾病问题，而且是一个社会问题，铅中毒对儿童健康的影响已受到全社会的普遍重视。为了解厦门市区儿童血铅水平及铅中毒状况，防治儿童铅中毒，我院率先在当地开展了血铅检测及铅中毒防治工作。现将在门诊进行血铅检测的3 075例儿童的结果分析报道如下： 　　1 对象与方法 　　1．1 研究对象 　　选择2008年7月～2009年11月我院儿童保健门诊的3 075例儿童，其中，男1 934例，女1 141例。 　　1．2 方法 　　1.2.1 检测方法血铅测定用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法，由专职采血人员采集静脉血样进行检测。 　　1.2.2 诊断方法诊断标准依据1991年美国疾病控制中心（CDC）标准，血铅水平＞100 g/L者无论有无相应的临床表现或生化改变均诊断为铅中毒。将儿童血铅水平分为5级：1级为血铅值＜100 g/L，2级为血铅值100～