桥梁上部结构加固研究和应用综述.docVIP

桥梁上部结构加固研究和应用综述 　　【摘 要】目前对在役桥梁的检测、加固已成为工程界普遍关注的课题。由于桥梁结构尺寸大、质量重,结构形式变化多样,建筑材料和建筑方法也不尽相同,使得桥梁上部结构的加固变化多端、十分复杂。本文在总结桥梁加固方法的基础上,从结构静、动力学和结构基本理论出发,对各类加固方法的加固机理、新旧共同作用问题、研究现状和应用范围等问题进行了归纳、分析和比较,介绍了目前国内外典型的桥梁加固工程实例。最后提出:在加固方案设计中,除考虑桥梁安全性、适用性和耐久性外,加固方案要具有一定的前瞻性,以避免出现随交通发展而再次加固的情况。 　　【关键词】桥梁上部结构;加固;研究与应用 　　Discussion of Bridge Strengthening Research and Application of Superstructure 　　Wang Feng??1,Wang Ling-xian??2 　　(1. Henan province authorities Architecture Design Institute Zhengzhou Henan 450003;2. Survey and Design Institute of Henan Province Henan Zhengzhou 450003) 　　【Abstract】Current testing of existing bridges, reinforced engineering has become a universal concern. As the size of a large bridge structure, quality, weight, structural changes in various forms, building materials and construction methods are also different, making the bridge superstructure reinforcement changing, very complex. This method of summarizing the basis of strengthening the bridge, from the static structure, dynamics and structure of the basic theory, various types of reinforcement methods on the strengthening mechanism, the role of old and new together, the scope of current research and application issues were summarized, analyzed and compared, introduced the current domestic and international examples of typical bridge strengthening works. Finally: the design of the reinforcement, in addition to the bridge to consider the safety, suitability and durability, the reinforcement to have some forward-looking, to avoid the development of further reinforced with the traffic situation. 　　【Key words】Bridge superstructure; Reinforcement; Research and application 　　1. 前言 　　交通系统是一个国家重要的基础设施,同时也是生命线工程的重要组成部分,对地区经济发展具有十分重要的作用。然而由于环境腐蚀、车辆载重及交通流量增加(heavy traffic)等原因,一些桥梁正面临着日益加剧的性能劣化。在美国,这个问题十分突出,美国公路系统共有580,000座桥梁,超过45%的桥梁被认为性能退化或承载能力不足。我国的桥梁损伤情况也十分严重, 1996年上海市对全市公路桥梁进行了检查,共有362 座公路桥梁处于承载能力不足或临界状态。20 世纪80 年代以来, 在北美、欧洲和亚洲的一些国家和地区, 相继发生了一些桥梁结构的突然性断裂事件, 这些灾难性事故不仅引起了公众舆论的严重关注, 也使各国政府和科研机构意识到, 必需对既有桥