美国转基因作物田间试验频次分析FrequencyAnalysisofFieldTrials.PDFVIP

农业生物技术学报，2010 年，第 18 卷，第 1 期，第 163-173 页 Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 2010, Vol.18, No.1, 163-173 数据分析 An Analysis 美国转基因作物田间试验频次分析 夏玉平 卢长明* 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所, 农业部油料作物生物学重点开放实验室, 武汉, 430062 * 通讯作者, cmlu@ 摘 要 本研究通过对美国转基因作物田间试验频次分析揭示转基因作物研发的概貌和规律。采用EX- CEL“数据透视表与数据透视图”软件，对美国转基因作物田间试验数据库和世界经济合作组织转基因作 物田间试验数据库近20 年数据进行统计分析。结果表明,至2008 年9 月止，美国转基因作物田间试验累 计达 13 782 次，涉及 158 种作物，10 大类性状和98 家公司或研究机构。1987-2008 年间，审批的田间试验次 数先呈直线上升，其后稳定在每年 1 000 次左右。试验物种以玉米、大豆、棉花为主，分别占45.8% 、9.7%和 6.4%。涉及的主要性状有抗除草剂、抗虫和品质性状。62.7%的转基因作物田间试验由孟山都和国际先锋等 五家私人公司完成。分析认为，只有经济价值高、安全性好、技术成熟、消费者容易接受的转基因作物才拥有 更广阔的发展前景。建议我国加强非粮食作物转基因技术的研究。 关键词 转基因作物, 田间试验, 分布, 美国 Frequency Analysis of Field Trials of Genetic Modified Crops in America Xia Yuping Lu Changming * Oil Crops Research Institute of CAAS, KeyLaboratoryof Oil Crop Biologyof the Ministryof Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062 * Corresponding author, cmlu@ DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2010.01.025 Abstract Through analysis of the databank of Inspection America on field trials of genetic modified crops during the last 20 years, the basic rule and characteristics in research and development of genetic modified crops were studied. Data were processed with the software “data perspective table ”method imbedded in Microsoft Excel. Re- sults showed that the field trials undertaken in America by the end of September 2008 totaled to 13782, involv- ing158 crops, ten categories of novel traits and about 98 companies or institutions. During 1987-2008, the number of field trials approved were firstly rising in a straight line, then stabilized at around 1 000 a year. The main test species included corn, soybean and cotton, accounting for 45.8%, 9.7%, 6.4%, respectively. The main characters were involved in the anti-herbicide, insect resistance and quality traits．About 62.7% field trials were undertaken by 5 private companies such as Monsanto and Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. It is considered that the genetic modified crops which ha