抗血栓药物在内镜操作时管理.docVIP

Management【管理】 of antithrombotic 【抗血栓形成的】agents 【药剂】for endoscopic【内窥镜检查的】 procedures【程序、操作、步骤、过程】 This is one of a series of statements discussing the use of GI endoscopy 【胃肠内镜检查】in common clinical situations. The Standards【标准】 of Practice Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE)【美国胃肠镜协会】 prepared this text. This guideline【指导原则】 combines and updates 2 previously【以前】 issued guidelines, ‘‘Guideline on the management of antithrombotic and antiplatelet therapy 【抗血小板治疗】for endoscopic procedures’’1 and ‘‘ASGE guideline: the management of low-molecular-weight heparin【低分子肝素】 and nonaspirin【非阿司匹林】 antiplatelet agents for endoscopic procedures.’’2 To prepare this guideline, a search of the medical literature was performed using PubMed【免费搜索引擎，提供生物医学方面的论文搜索以及摘要】. Studies or reports that described fewer than【少于】 10 patients were excluded from analysis if multiple series with more than 10 patients addressing the same issue were available. Additional【额外的】 references【参考】 were obtained【获得】 from the bibliographies【文献】 of the identified【确认】 articles and from recommendations【推荐、建议】 of expert consultants【专家顾问】. Guidelines for appropriate【合适的】 use of endoscopy are based on a critical review【批评性审查】 of the available data and expert consensus【一致同意】 at the time the guidelines are drafted【制定、起草】. Further controlled clinical studies may be needed to clarify【使清楚，澄清】 aspects【方面】 of this guideline. This guideline may be revised【修订、修正】 as necessary to account for changes in technology, new data, or other aspects of clinical practice. The recommendations【推荐、建议】 are based on reviewed studies【综述研究】 and were graded on【被分级】 the strength of the supporting evidence (Table 1).3 The strength of individual【个人的、独特的】 recommendations is based on both the aggregate【总数的、总计的】 evidence quality and an assessment【评估、评价】 of the anticipated【预先的、预期的】 benefits and harms. Weaker【微弱的、无说服力的】 recommendations are indicated by phrases such as “we suggest” whereas stronger recommendations ar