毕业设计论文 外文文献翻译 中英文对照 什么是电压.docxVIP

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 英文资料 What’s Voltage? Of several electricity concepts, the idea of voltage or electrical potential is probably the hardest to understand. Its also really tough to explain. Its a headache for both the student and the teacher. To understand voltage, it helps if you first understand a little about its nearest relative, magnetism. Most of us are familiar with magnetic fields. Small magnets are surrounded with an invisible field which pulls upon iron, and which can attract or repel other magnets. The magnetic field forces oblong magnetic objects (such as iron rods, or iron powder) to twist and align to follow particular directions. Put a bar magnet under a piece of paper, sprinkle on some iron filings, and the filings all line up and show the general shape of the invisible field. Obtain a small compass, and youll see the little compass pointer twist and align with the magnetic field of the earth. Thats magnetism. There is another type of invisible field besides magnetism. It is called the electric field or electrostatic field or e-field. This second kind of field is much like magnetism. Its invisible, it has lines of flux, and it can attract and repel objects. However, it is not magnetism, it is something separate. It is voltage. Most people know about magnetic fields but not about e-fields or voltage fields. In part, this is because magnetism is explained in school, but for some reason voltage fields are hidden away under the name static electricity. E-fields are never mentioned in beginners science textbooks. This is odd, since voltage and static electricity go together. Whenever a negative charge attracts a positive charge, invisible fields of voltage must exist between the charges. Voltage causes the attraction between opposite charges; the voltage fields reach across space. In reality, static electricity has nothing to do with motion (or with being static.) Instead static electricity involves high voltage. Scuff across a rug, and you charge