弱还原气氛下淮南煤灰矿物质特性的研究.docVIP

弱还原气氛下淮南煤灰矿物质特性的研究 　　摘 要：对淮南煤在弱还原气氛下的矿物质特性进行实验研究，用X-射线衍射和红外光谱分析不同温度下煤灰矿物组成变化。结果表明：淮南煤中主要晶体矿物有高岭石、石英、方解石、黄铁矿等，高岭石类矿物含量越高，煤灰熔点越高；方解石和黄铁矿含量越高，煤灰熔点越低。煤灰中主要晶体矿物有石英、硬石膏、赤铁矿等，硬石膏和赤铁矿含量越高煤灰熔点越低。随着温度的升高，煤灰中石英、硬石膏、赤铁矿等结晶矿物含量逐渐减少，生成新的矿物质，莫来石的生成是导致淮南煤灰熔点高的主要原因，钙长石起到降低灰熔点的作用。 　　关键词：淮南煤灰；矿物质特性；红外光谱；X-射线衍射 　　中图分类号：TQ53文献标识码：A文章编号：1672-1098(2009)01-0034-05 　　收稿日期：2008-09-12 　　作者简介：丰芸（1975-），女，安徽淮南人，讲师，在读硕士，研究方向：洁净煤技术。 　　 　　Study on Mineral Features in Coal Ash of Huainan in 　　Weak Reducing Atmosphere 　　FENG Yun,LI Han-xu,DING Li-ming 　　(School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan Anhui 232001,China) 　　 Abstract: Mineral features of Huainan coal ash in weak reducing atmosphere was studied. The mineral component variation of the ash at different temperatures was analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Infrared Spectrum（FTIR）. The results showed that coal ashes of Huainan generally contain kaolinite, quartz, calcite and pyrite. Kaolinite in coal increases ash melting temperature. Calcite and pyrite in coal reduce ash melting temperature. Crystalloid minerals in the coal ashes generally are quartz, hematite and anhydrite. The higher anhydrite and hematite content is, the lower the ash melting temperature is. As the temperature increases, content of quartz, anhydrite, and hematite in coal ash decrease in reducing conditions and some new mineral phases are formed during heating process. The content of mullite formed in the heating process is the mayor reason of high melting temperature of the ash. Anorthite at high temperature lowers the ash fusion temperature. 　　Key words:coal ash; mineral features;infrared spectrum（FTIR）;X-ray diffraction (XRD) 　　 　　煤灰熔融性是动力用煤和气化用煤的一项重要质量指标，也是影响煤灰性能的一个重要因素［1］。煤中矿物质是煤的重要组成部分，煤灰中各种矿物质组分在高温熔融过程中会发生复杂的变化，相互之间会反应生成新的无机成分，甚至会发生低温共熔现象，从而影响煤灰的熔融特性［2］ 。煤灰中各种矿物质对X-射线衍射的吸收或反射量是不同的，它不仅与矿物质含量有关，而且与矿物质本身结晶好坏、混合物中其它矿物的存在有关，但对于同一种矿物质其衍射强度的变化可近似反映含量的变化［3-4］。X-射线衍射法能够检测出矿物晶体的物相组成，对于研究煤灰中矿物质间的反应行为是很好的一种研究手段。红外光谱目前已