紫花苜蓿不同灌溉方式研究进展及展望-中国畜牧业协会.PDF

第六届中国苜蓿发展大会 紫花苜蓿不同灌溉方式研究进展及展望 陶 雪，苏德荣 （北京林业大学草地资源与生态研究中心，北京100083） 摘 要 紫花苜蓿是一种高耗水饲草作物，而大部分种植面积分布在我国北方干旱和半干旱地区， 灌溉是保证该地区苜蓿高产重要条件。目前关于苜蓿灌溉方式研究的报道有很多，常见包括地表畦灌、 大型喷灌、地下滴灌和调亏灌溉等，对苜蓿而言，灌溉方式间的差异主要体现在不同灌溉方式对苜蓿 生长发育及水分利用效率等方面。本文从苜蓿不同灌溉方式对苜蓿生长发育及水分利用效率的影响方 面对已有的研究进行简要的综述，旨在为苜蓿优质高产的灌溉方式研究提供理论依据，并根据目前的 研究现状对相关内容进行展望，以期找到一种更加合理的节水灌溉方式，为我国紫花苜蓿大面积种植 和管理提供参考，加快节水灌溉方式的推广，缓解我国北方水资源短缺的现状。 关键字 苜蓿；灌溉方式；生长；水分利用效率；研究进展 Research Progress and Prospect of Alfalfa Different Irrigation Methods ※ TAO Xue ，SU De-rong ， (Center for Grassland Resources and Ecology Research, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China) Abstract: Alfalfa is a kind of high water consumption of forage crops, and most of the planting area of distribution in the arid and semi-arid area in north China. Irrigation is an important ensure for high-yielding alfalfa in the region. At present there are many studies of alfalfa irrigation methods, including common surface border irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation and regulated deficit irrigation, etc. Differences for alfalfa between different irrigation methods are the effect that different irrigation methods on alfalfa growth and water use efficiency, etc. From alfalfa different irrigation methods on the influence of alfalfa growth and water use efficiency of existing in this paper, a brief study aiming at high quality and high yield of alfalfa provides the theory basis for the study on irrigation, and according to the current research status and the paper points out the related content. In order to find a more reasonable way of water-saving irrigation, provide a reference for alfalfa planting and management of large area in