超临界二氧化碳辅助构筑的乳液环境中制备二维层状材料及其功能化应用研究-材料学(高分子)专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 摘要 （3）制备的二维层状材料在电化学、生物、机械等领域的应用研究 本工作研究了制备的二维层状材料在电化学、生物、以及机械等方面的性 能。首先，将剥离的石墨烯作为“墨水”刷在普通的 A4 纸上来制备成石墨烯薄 膜，将其装配成超级电容器并测试其电化学性能，石墨烯展现了优异的电学性 能。同时，将调控剥离的 MoS2 的尺寸，得到尺寸小于 120 nm 的 MoS2 纳米薄片， 并将其作为荧光探针来进行荧光标定。在荧光标定前，测试了 MoS2 的荧光性能 以及对细胞的毒性，MoS2 都展现出了良好的性能。此外，利用剥离的 BN 纳米 薄片制备了 BN/PVA 复合薄膜，并测试了复合薄膜的机械性能。实验结果显示， 微量的 BN 的加入就可以明显增加 PVA 机械强度。 关键词：二维层状材料 超临界二氧化碳 剥离 乳液环境 CO2-水界面 电 化学 细胞荧光标定 机械增强 II Abst Abstract Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) layered nanomaterials present the enormous potential in a wide range of feilds including optoelectronics, sensors, catalysis, mechanics, biology, energy storage, and so on. The main methods for exfoliation include: epitaxial growth, hydrothermal synthesis, chemical vapor deposition, micromechanical cleavage, liquid exfoliation, and ion intercalation. Apart from these methods mentioned above, supercritical CO2 (SC CO2)-assisted exfoliation is of particular interest, due to its high diffusion coefficients and negligible surface tension. It is well known that the emulsion environment is able to be built by introducing surfactants or nanoparticles into the SC CO2-water interface. Changing CO2 pressure, temperature or PH will produce the strong driving forces to manipulate the properties and phase behaviors of emulsions. In this thesis, we exfoliated layered materials at the SC CO2-water interface of emulsion environment built with the assistance of SC CO2. Moreover, we investigated the properties of exfoliated layered materials in electronics, biology and mechanics. The research contents are shown as follows. The exfoliation of MoS2 in the Pickering emulsion built with the assistance of SC CO2 and the application of exfoliated MoS2 in cellular labelling We built the Pickering emulsion using SC CO2, H2O and MoS2. With the high-speed stirring, the great shearing forces produce at the SC CO2-water interface of emulsion environment. MoS2 at the SC CO2-water interface can be exfoliated into ultrathin 2D nanosheets by the shearing forces. I