蚕豆马铃薯最优间作模式探讨及间作群体根系时空分布特征研究-作物栽培与耕作学专业论文.docxVIP

青海大学 青海大学硕士学位论文 摘要 II II 即扩展了两者水分和养分生态位，增加了作物吸收养分的有效空间，从而为蚕 豆马铃薯间作优势奠定了根系生态学基础。不同土层根系 TTC 还原强度大致反 向其数量分布而呈上低下高的倒“T ”型分布。苗期以 20～ 40 cm 土层根系活 性较高， 盛花期以 40 cm 土层以下根系活性较高， 结荚期和成熟期以 60-80cm 深层土壤根系活性较高。综合分析蚕豆/马铃薯复合群体根系不同土层活性即： 随着生育进程推进， 根系高活性位点呈下移趋势。根系 TTC 还原总量和还原总 量密度呈上高下低的“T ”型分布， 自上而下，可将其分为 4 种类型: 0～20cm 为高量高密度型，20～40、40～60cm 为中量中密度型，60～80cm 为低量低密度 型。根系活力 TTC 还原总量密度随生育进程推进，亦基本呈低→高→低的变化 趋势，以盛花期为最高。 关键词：蚕豆/马铃薯，间作，根系 青海大学 青海大学硕士学位论文 Abstract III III Abstract Intercropping can improve those meteorological factors efficiency which are light，temperature，water， gas and so on.That also can improve soil fertility， obtain more than monoculture biological yield， improving crop quality characteristics. Intercropping cultivation mode has occupied an important position in agricultural production in our country， and it has been become a widespread promotion way of cultivation. In Qinghai faba bean and potato are distinctive plateau coldly crops.Those crops intercropping not only can give full play to their respective advantages ，obtain higher yield in the limited plowland，but also it can improve farmers economic benefits. This research of faba bean/potato intercropping systems has been began for two consecutive years in 2011-2012.It were studied through the soil ， meteorological index，plant physiological，biochemical index，shape indexes， yields index and quality index.The result is that getting optimal model from the four kinds of intercropping mode.In the second year we researched the intercropping population root features on the space-time distribution detailed and in-depth. The main results were as follows: 1、The result that through the faba bean/potato intercropping system compared with the monoculture，which the high stalk crop of faba bean take advantage of edge line in intercropping system .Those indexes are improved which are relative humidity，diverse soil temperature，photosynthetic indicators (include of net photosynthetic rate，transpiration