植物多糖构效的关系的研究进展.docVIP

植物多糖构效的关系的研究进展 　　[摘要]植物多糖具有多种生物活性，因其安全、高效、低毒等优势已成为医学和食品等领域的热点关注对象。植物多糖的化学结构是其生物活性的基础，不同化学结构的多糖，其生物活性具有较大的差异，探究其构效关系对糖类新型药物及糖类保健品的研究与开发具有重要的实践指导意义。现已发现植物多糖具有抗肝损伤、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、降血糖、抗凝血、抗氧化及免疫调节等多种生物活性。因此，该文主要以生物活性为主线，对近年来国内外植物多糖的构效关系及相关作用机制研究进行综述，其中重点介绍植物多糖与其抗肝损伤、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、降血糖、抗凝血活性之间的构效关系，为植物多糖构效关系的深入研究与探索及糖类产品的开发与应用提供一定的参考。 　　[关键词]植物多糖； 构效关系； 生物活性； 作用机制 　　[Abstract]Plant polysaccharides have a variety of biological activities and have become the focus of many fields such as the areas of medicine and food for the features of safety， high efficiency and low toxicity The chemical structure of plant polysaccharides is the foundation for the biological activity Polysaccharides with different chemical structures have great differences in biological activity The exploration of the structureactivity relationship of plant polysaccharides has guiding significance for the development of new drugs and the health care products of saccharides Many biological activities of plant polysaccharides such as antihepatic injury， antineoplastic， antiviral， hypoglycemia， anticoagulation， antioxidation and immunoregulation have been discovered Therefore， this paper focuses on the bioactivity as the main line， and summarizes the studies on structureactivity relationship and mechanism of plant polysaccharides at home and abroad in recent years The key point is the structureactivity relationship between plant polysaccharides and the antihepatic injury， antineoplastic， antiviral， hypoglycemia， and anticoagulation activities， providing reference for intensive study and exploration of structureactivity relationship of plant polysaccharides as well as development and application of polysaccharides products. 　　[Key words]plant polysaccharides； structureactivity relationship； biological activity； mechanism of action 　　植物多糖（又?Q植物多聚糖）是由许多相同或不同的单糖以α或β糖苷键连接而成的聚合度超过10个的聚糖，在自然界植物体中广泛存在。经研究发现，大多数植物多糖具有多种生物活性，如现已知的就有抗肝损伤、抗凝血、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、降血糖、抗氧化及免疫调节作用等。植物多糖的化学结构是其发挥生物活性的物质基础，不同化学结构的多糖，其生物活性具有较大差异，这种不明确的构效关系严重阻碍了糖