医学英语写作详解课件.doc

PAGE . 医学英文摘要写作 How to write a medical English abstract 第一章 概述 一、摘要的定义、用途、和长度 二、摘要的内容 三、摘要的类型 四、摘要的写作格式 五、摘要写作的注意事项 What is an abstract? An abstract is a brief summary of the most important points in a scientific paper. 摘要是作者研究过程、研究目的、研究方法和研究结果的简要陈述和概括。 Purposes for Abstracts Abstracts typically serve five main goals: Help readers decide if they should read an entire article Help readers and researchers remember key findings on a topic Help readers understand a text by acting as a pre-reading outline of key points Index articles for quick recovery and cross-referencing Allow supervisors to review technical work without becoming bogged down in details 二、摘要的内容Contents 1. Title 2. Name of the author 3. Unit of the author/address 4. Text of the abstract 5. Keywords 1）目的2）方法3）结果 4）结果的分析、比较、评价以及应用，提出的问题以及建议5）其他 三、摘要的类型 1. descriptive abstract —— 描述性摘要 2. informative abstract——资料性摘要 3. descriptive-informative abstract——描述-资料性摘要 1. Non-structured abstract （非结构式摘要） 2. Structured abstract （结构式摘要） full-structured semi-structured 1.描述性摘要 Descriptive Abstract/ Indicative Abstract The descriptive abstracts tell what topics are taken up in the paper. They contain indicative information on purpose, scope, or methodology in the original documents, but mention little or nothing about details of results, conclusions or recommendations. The advantages of a descriptive abstract are that it is easy to write and is usually short; a serious disadvantage is that it contains little information. 一般只用两三句话概括论文或报道的主题，而不涉及具体的数据和结论，通常用于综述、会议报告等。 Samples of descriptive abstracts: 例一： 心得宁引起的胸膜纤维化 我们报道两例患者服用心得宁后继发胸膜纤维化 Pleural Fibrosis After Practolol Therapy We describe two patients who developed pleural fibrosis after treatment with practolol. 例二： 论原发性胃肠道淋巴瘤 本文综述了治疗原发性胃肠道淋巴瘤的主要经验，并就该病的临床、病理及治疗等问题进行了讨论。 Primary Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract An institutional experience with primary gastrointestinal lymphoma (PGL) is reviewed. The clinical, pathologic, and therapeutic as